400 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



L., and I think that it, and also C. coelestina, Koll., are really only 

 forms of that species." Examination of the genitalia has proved that 

 at least levettii, Butl., Iddonides, De l'Orza, coelestina, Koll., sikkima, 

 Moore, victoria, Swinh., albocaendeoides, n. var., and huegelii, Moore, 

 are merely forms of C. argiolus. We have, therefore, treated these 

 in detail. 



a. ab. (et var.) hypoleuca, Koll., "Ins. Pers.," p. 52 (1848); Buhl, "Pal. 

 Gross-Schmett.," L, pp. 293, 765 (1892); Tutt, " Brit. Butts.," p. 189 (1896); [nee 

 Staud., "Cat.," 3rd ed., p. 90 (1901)]. — Alis supra violaceo-caeruleis, margine 

 externo nigro-cincto, fimbriis albis ; subtus alis omnibus albis ; posticis punctis 

 aliquot dispersis nigris, basi viridi squamosis. Expans. alar. 13'". Species 

 omnino ab omnibus europaeis di versa, colore paginse superioris L. iolas similis, 

 atque tamen colore paginee inferioris albo magnopere differt et L. arqiolo propius 

 accedit (Kollar k 



Staudinger (Cat., 3rd ed., p. 90) says of this form : " Subtus 

 maculis nullis, gen. aest. mer. ?, Persia, Cyprus, western Kurdistan, 

 northern Mesopotamia, Fergana," etc. This, of course, disagrees with 

 the original description, which distinctly says that "the posterior 

 wings have, on the underside, a few scattered black dots." Kuhl is 

 much nearer the original, when he says that " the underside is almost 

 spotless, only the three basal spots of the hindwings, as well as single 

 faint outer-marginal spots of the forewings present, the row of black 

 ocellated spots beyond the middle obsolete, the discoidal lunules scarcely 

 indicated ; from Denmark, Cyprus, Persia, Lepsa, and the Ala Tau," 

 although Kollar does not specifically mention the position or number 

 of spots. There is no doubt that the essential characteristic of this 

 form is not its underside markings, for Kollar particularly says that 

 it is altogether different from all European species, and observes that 

 whilst the colour of the upperside is like that of L. iolas, yet that of 

 the underside differs greatly in its white colour, and comes nearest to 

 C. argiolus. The European examples of ab. obsoleta are, therefore, 

 quite erroneously referred here, by various authors. 



j8. var. levettii, Butl., "Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.," 5th ser., xi., p. Ill 

 (1883). Argiolus var. hiigeli, Fixsen, "Bom. Mem.," iii., pp. 285-6 (1887). 

 Hiigeli, Buhl, "Pal. Gross- Schmett.," i., p. 293 (1892). Levetti, Buhl, "Pal. 

 Gross-Schmett.," i., p. 765 (1895) ; Tutt, "Brit. Butts.," p. 189 (1896) ; Staud., 

 " Cat.," 3rd ed., p. 91 (1901).— Allied to L. argiolus and L. ladonides. 

 From the former the S differs in the broader and less sharply-defined blackish 

 border to the outer margins of the wings and the greyer tint of the under-surface ; 

 the female differs in its darker tint and broad, external, blackish border to the 

 secondaries ; the costal border is also broader, so tbat the silvery-blue area is con- 

 fined to a triangular abdominal patch ; below, the white is a trifle less pure, and 

 the submarginal lunules a little better defined than in L. argiolus. From L. lado- 

 nides the male is readily distinguished by its lilacine instead of caerulean colour, 

 and the female by its greyer tint throughout, and its more decided, broad, blackish, 

 external border to secondaries, both sexes are decidedly smaller, as in L. argiolus, 

 and have the submarginal lunules and spots below much less strongly defined. 

 Expanse of wings, ^ 30mm. -34mm., ¥ 33mm. Jinchuen, W. Corea (E. B. 

 Levett). Seven examples in a more or less recognisable condition were obtained, 

 two pairs being in very fair trim. As the characters given above seem to be quite 

 constant, and do not admit of their being placed with any of the allied species, I 

 am compelled, somewhat against my wish, to regard L. levettii as distinct (Butler). 



This is the Corean form of argiolus, diagnosed by Staudinger as 

 " Subt. signaturis praesertim marginalibus magis perspicuis." It is 

 certainly the argiolus var. hiigeli, Fixsen, the examples of which are 

 described by thelatter (Rom. Mini., iii., pp. 285-6) as follows : " The speci- 

 mens brought by Herz, incline rather to the Himalayan than the Europeo- 



