420 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



Ijl. ab. arizonensis, Edw., " List Species Diurn. Lep. N. Amer." (app. " Butts. 

 Nth. Amer."), ii., p. 7 (1884) ; Dyar, " List Nth. Amer. Lep.," p. 45 (1902).— 

 Pseudargiolus var., Edw., "Butts. Nth. Amer.," ii., Lye. pi. ii., figs. 18-19 (1384). 

 — From Mt. Graham, in Arizona, taken at considerable elevation. They looked 

 like nearly full-sized pseudargiolus (i.e., neglecta-major), but were of a deeper blue 

 than is usual in the east ; the underside not pure white, but slightly grey 

 (Edwards). 



Edwards says that Morrison brought many examples of this form 

 from Arizona with cinerea (see supra). The $ figured by Edwards 

 has an exceptionally stroog border, and the 2 is much more like 

 our European summer form than is the American neglecia ; the blue 

 is slightly paled on the inside of the dark margin of the forewing, 

 and the margin of the hindwing shows a border of greyish lunules, 

 and not the intense black dots of neglecta. Edwards' cinerea also 

 appears to us to be a summer* form, almost identical with arizonensis 

 on the upperside, except for its smaller size, but, according to the 

 describer the underside is ashy-grey and all the markings obscure, 

 whilst that of arizonensis is only slightly grey. 



v. var. piasus, Bdv., "Ann. Soe. Ent. France," 2nd ser. x., p. 299(1852); 

 Edw., "Butts. Nth. Amer.," ii., Lye. pi. ii., figs. 20-21; pi. hi., figs. 26-27, 

 pp. 9-10 (1884) ; Wright, " Can. Ent.," xx., p. 97 (1888); Scudd., "Butts. New 

 Engl.," ii., p. 945 (1889) ; Dyar, "List Nth. Amer. Lep.," p. 45 (1902).— Alae supra 

 cceruleo-violaceae, fimbria alba feminse nigro-marginatae ; subtus albido-cinereae 

 punctis numerosis nigris ocellatis, fascia albida separatis. Of the shape of 

 argiolus but a little larger. Above, the s is nearly of the same tint, with the 

 fringe whitish ; the ? above with a very wide blackish border to the four wings, 

 but less wide on the forewings than in ? argiolus. Beneath in both sexes of an 

 ashy-white with a number of black ocellated dots, disposed as in the analogous 

 species ; those of the posterior row followed by a clear white, which forms a very 

 wide, transverse band, and occupying all the area between the former and the 

 lunules or crescents of the margin, which are almost effaced, and bound a 

 greyish crenulated marginal band, darker than the ground colour. Flies among 

 bushes in the spring (Boisduval). 



Edwards says (Butts. Nth. Amer., p. 9) : " On the Pacific coast 

 the species is represented in part by echo (fig. 21) but more by piasus, 

 of which echo is a variety. In southern California there are two 

 generations of the butterfly ; the first appearing in February and early 

 March, the second at the end of April and early May. Wright carefully 

 watched the appearance of these broods during the past year, and sent 

 me scores of examples of each ; fig. 26 represents the female of the 

 early brood, and fig. 27 of the later .... I do not discover any 

 tangible difference between these two broods in either sex, except that 

 some few of each are var. echo, which, as I have said, is close to neglecta. 

 The usual piasus, as is seen by these figs. 26-27, most resembles violacea, 

 having the black borders as in that form. The male piasus (fig. 20) is 

 of a deep violet-blue ; and the underside of all examples of both sexes 

 is like neglecta. I look upon this western form as an offshoot of one 

 of the eastern summer or secondary forms, the characters of the 

 primary form of the species having been, in some degree, recovered, 

 especially in the £ s." Wright himself notes (Can. Ent., xx., p. 97) : 

 "This is, in California, the first butterfly to emerge in the spring, 

 appearing in February, though it is the accepted representative of the 

 eastern netjlecta, which is not the first to appear there. Piasus is 

 doublebrooded, the second-brood coming in the later part of April, so 

 between it and the first brood a few days intervene when no piasus are 



