438 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



there are about six flange-hairs on each side, after allowing three for 

 the 9th abdominal segment; the largest of these about 0-2mm.; below 

 these are many sharp spicules, some of which look merely like skin- 

 points, but many of the largest are hairs having the structure (jointed 

 base) of hairs. The honey-gland of the 7th abdominal does not 

 appear to exist, but the nature and arrangement of the skin-points 

 differ a little at this spot. There seems to be no indication whatever 

 of the eversible glands of the 8th abdominal segment. The spiracles 

 are tinted, nearly 0*02mm. in diameter, much the same size as the 

 dorsal lenticles, the first largest, and again larger posteriorly ; the first, 

 and several others, have marginal points, reminding one of the inserted 

 lenticles on Bithi/s quercus, or the coronetted lenticles of Polyommatids. 

 The prolegs possess four hooks, an anterior and posterior pair; the anal 

 claspers, two anterior, and one posterior, hook. The (palely tinted) 

 true legs have a rather slender claw and the usual hairs. The head is 

 too elaborate for description — it is dark, with pale mouth-parts and 

 brown mandibles ; the mandibles have six teeth, there are five ocelli 

 in a curve with a sixth central one; over the clypeus are about a dozen, 

 and on each side of the cranium about as many, hairs, very minute, 

 broadly, but symmetrically, distributed. Second instar (May 12th, 

 1907) : When just moulted for the first time, the colour is white, with 

 a dirty look from the thick sprinkling of black hair-points. May l&th: 

 Somewhat grown, nearly 3mm. long, perhaps 4mm. if stretched out ; 

 light whitish-green, but with some reddish-brown down the dorsal 

 plane (furrow), decidedly broadest in front ; dorsal ridges paler, 

 emphasising the darker space between them. In this instar, the larva 

 is fully 2mm. long when at rest, and is not quite 4mm. when extended 

 (neck elongated, etc.). The head appears to differ from that of the 

 first instar only in size, unless it be that the minute hairs are propor- 

 tionally still more minute. The skin- surface is divided into cells by 

 a delicate network of lines, that differ from those of the first instar by 

 the spaces being less regular in size, the lines being somewhat waved, 

 instead of straight from point to point, and by there being no raised 

 points at the angles, only the fine lines. [For the structural details 

 arrangement of hairs, etc., see pi. xxiv.] The hairs of the dorsal 

 crest (i) are much as in the first instar. they are long (CKSmm.), curved 

 backward, robust, and spiculated ; their bases have little more than an 

 indication of the stellate structure that is so remarkably developed in 

 some of the other (secondary ?) hairs ; tubercle ii is also very easily 

 identified, about half the length of i ; dorsal to i are eight or ten small 

 hairs ; between i and spiracle are fourteen or sixteen hairs and a 

 number of lenticles ; there are three or four longer hairs on the lateral 

 flange; of these, the longest (0-2mm.) has, like the seta of i, a compara- 

 tively simple base. The prothoracic plate (see pi. xxv., fig. 1) is not very 

 clearly marked out, but is fiat under all circumstances, whilst the skin 

 around may fold and pucker as it chooses, so that some idea of the plate is 

 obtainable; it has two (one on each side), long (O-Bmin. nearly), central 

 hairs, with stellate bases, a large stellate lenticle (one on each side) in 

 front, and a smaller hair towards each exterior angle ; the rest of the 

 prothorax is crowded with stellate-based hairs ; lenticles are every- 

 where frequent, but abundant near the spiracles ; on the metathorax is a 

 rather large one, almost corresponding in situation with a spiracle. 

 There is some structural modification at the site of the honey-gland on 

 the 7th abdominal segment, a transverse area a little wrinkled, and 



