CELASTRINA ARGIOLUS. 445 



bristled with small, fleshy, scale-like points. He was unable to make 

 any suggestion as to the use of these structures. Edwards, however, 

 later, worked out the structure and use of these organs at length ; the 

 eversible glands, he says, on the 8th abdominal segment, consist of 

 white cylindrical tubes, of nearly even size, rounded at the top, and 

 studded there with minute processes from which come the tentacles 

 (Butts. Nth. America, ii., Lye. pi. ii., fig. in 2 ). These are long, slender, 

 and tapering, armed with fine filamentous spines disposed in whorls, and 

 they stand out straight, making a white hemispherical dome over the 

 cylinder, and none of them dip below the plane of the base of the 

 dome. When the tube comes up, the rays are seen to rise in a close 

 pencil, and, as the dome expands, they take position ; on the contrary, 

 when the tube is withdrawn, the top of the dome sinks first, and the 

 rays come together {pp. cit., fig. m 1 ). The position of these organs is 

 apparent in the younger larval stages, but, till after the second moult 

 the larva appears to have no power to project the tubes, and not till 

 the latter part of the same stage to emit the secretion. Ants, confined 



with larvae in the first stage, treat them with indifference 



Lintner described these organs as ' cylindrical, with barbed hairs.' 

 Mack noted them as being similar to those of Plebeius argus and 

 Ayriades corydon ; and added that they were placed on the penultimate 

 segment (really they are on the 8th abdominal), outside and behind 

 the stigmata, looking like two large white spots, each one of which 

 evaginates a white membranous tube, just like the finger of a glove, 

 the top of which is not entirely drawn out; ... if the tube be 

 blown on ever so little it is instantly invaginated. Edwards further 

 figures (op. cit., p. 14) a diagram by Mrs. Peart showing the position of 

 these eversible glands, their appearance (1) when slightly protruded, 

 and (2) when much further protruded. The honey-gland was first 

 noted by Mack (Edwards' Butts. Nth. America, ii., Lye. p. 11), who 

 stated that it was placed on the antepenultimate (really it is on the 7th 

 abdominal) segment, and that it formed a largish transversal opening 

 behind and between the stigmata near the apical border, whilst it is 

 described as looking like a closed mouth with its lips. Edwards observed 

 that from these lips a dark green mammilloid membrane was protruded, 

 and from the top of this a tiny drop of clear green fluid, which ants 

 drink greedily, was exuded. The intervals between the appearance of 

 the globule vary with the condition of the larva (see infra). . . .. Hunt 

 states that he could find neither special glands beneath the membrane 

 of the 'honey-gland,' nor an orifice on its surface, but he says 

 that the fluid appeared to exude through minute pores all over the 

 membrane; nor could he discover any connection between the eversible 

 glands of the 8th, and the honey-gland of the 7th, abdominal segment. 

 A diagram of the honey-gland by Mrs. Peart is given by Edwards 

 (Butts. Nth. America, ii., Lye. p. 14). 



Connection between larvae of Celastrina argiolus and ants. — On 

 an ivy at Hazeleigh, with small variegated leaves and flowering towards 

 the end of August, a search on the afternoon of August 31st, 1906, re- 

 vealed two small black ants, Lasius niger, running backwards and for- 

 wards over a fullgrown larva of C. argiolus. Being left undisturbed, four 

 ants were found attending it at 5.30 p.m. ; there were no ants on nine 

 other larvae found the same day. On September 1st, at 11 a.m., a larva 

 was found with two ants running over it, and stopping now and then 

 to imbibe some sweet exudation. There were many of these ants on 



