476 BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



we have seen it flitting along the broad pathways of Fontaine- 

 bleau Forest, soaring oyer the willows in the lovely glen beyond 

 " the baths " at Digne, careering over the tree-tops in the woods 

 between St. Michel-de-Maurienne and Valloire, and over the scrub 

 on the slopes of the hills above Gresy-sur-Aix. In Piedmont we 

 have taken it among the Ewpatorium -thickets between Torre Pellice 

 and Villar, here and there throughout the Val d'Aosta to 5000ft. at 

 Courmayeur, whilst in Corsica it is common at the sunny corners of 

 the Vivario road, both in the forest above Vizzavona and in the open 

 towards Tattone. In Switzerland, Frey says that it is spread over the 

 whole of the lowland parts, and is double -brooded, but that its vertical 

 distribution is not great — above Leuk, at 2700ft., higher up in Sertig- 

 thal and Bergell, on the St. Gothard road above Goschenen at 3386ft., 

 and at the Solofchurn Weissenstein. We ourselves have taken it 

 among the bushes that clothe the foot of the Grand Saleve, near 

 Geneva ; flying over bush-covered slopes between Aigle and Villeneuve, 

 and similar ground at Bregenz, on the slopes of the Pfander, 

 whilst in the lovely Val Anzasca it was not at all infrequent in 

 August, 1905, flying by the edge of the woods on the roadside a few 

 miles above Piedemuliera. Tetley observes that it flies low about 

 bushes in the Lavey Woods and in similar situations around Sion. 

 Sheldon notes it as occurring in the copses between Marti gny and 

 Vernayaz. Bath records it as very abundant in the marshes in the 

 neighbourhood of Lucerne during the end of July and beginning of 

 August, 1888. In Holland it is generally distributed, but everywhere 

 rare (Snellen), but in Belgium is distributed throughout, very common 

 some years in the woods of Basse-Marlagne, etc. ; it loves to fly around 

 bushes of buckthorn in the clearings of woods, and it rests by choice 

 on the ivy which covers the garden walls and rocks (Lam billion). 

 In Germany it is generally distributed in parks, woods, and forests in 

 Pomerania (Spormann); in woods and forests, especially in clearings 

 and open rides, as well as in open meadows and exposed mosses in 

 Mecklenburg (Gillmer and Tessmann); generally distributed, especially 

 in places overgrown with Spartiuui, in Holsatia, Hamburg, and 

 Schleswig (Boie); in woods and on heaths in Hanover (Glitz); and in 

 gardens, meadows, woods (Weymer), as well as wood-clearings and 

 on heaths in the Khine Provinces (Rothke); on heaths, clearings in 

 woods, meadows, mosses, and even in the gardens near the towns, in 

 Hesse (Bossier and Koch); in the clearings and on the outskirts of 

 woods in W r aldeck (Speyer), and in similar places throughout the 

 Proyince of Saxony (Wilde), also in the Kingdom of Saxony (Schutze); 

 prefers the woods on mountain slopes in Thuringia (Knapp); in woods, 

 forests, and the environs of towns in Brandenburg (Kretschmer); in 

 the woods and forests of Posen (Schultz); especially in wood- clearings 

 and on the outskirts of woods, in gardens and by roadsides, in 

 meadows, etc., in the lowlands of Silesia (Moschler); and in the 

 woods of the hills (up to 1700ft.) as well as those of the low 

 country, sometimes affecting heaths and sandy roads, etc., in Silesia 

 (Pfitzner); in the open parts of wood plantations, meadows on the 

 outskirts of woods, and on wooded hillsides, in Bavaria (Schmid and 

 Kolb), etc. 1 n the Baltic Provinces it appears sparingly as the buckthorn 

 comes into leaf, in open bushy places on the borders of woods and 

 similar places (Nolcken). In Austria it occurs in wood-clearings 

 in Bohemia (Nickerl); prefers bush-covered slopes, meadows on the out- 



