BeJiaviour of Chemical Comjjounds. 165 



head of the torsion balance the apparatus brought back to nil. 

 After the opening of the magnetizing current the apparatus 

 rotated back, in consequence of the torsion of the German- 



T 

 silver wire, through an angle T. The value M= -^ t^^'^ "^®^" 



sures, in each case, the magnetic moment of the glass flask, 

 and the contained substance, for the unit moment of the mag- 

 net acting upon them. In this way, first, the following preli- 

 minary determinations were carried out: — 



1. Influence of the Magnetizing Force. — If a solution of sul- 

 phate of iron was exposed to the action of various magnetic 

 forces (78-8, 116, 150-3, 181-8, 208*5), the value M changed 

 only in the ratio from 8583 to 8621, and irregularly, with a 

 rising intensity of the current. Therefore, within the limits of 

 the observations^ the magnetic moment of the vessel filled ivith 

 sulphate-of-iron solution is directly proportional to the magne- 

 tizing force acting upon it. 



2. Effect of Concentration. — If the glass vessel was filled 

 with solutions of the same salt in different degrees of concen- 

 tration, and from its magnetic moment calculated for the mag- 

 netizing force 1 the corresponding negative moment of the 

 diamagnetic glass vessel filled with water was subtracted, the 

 magnetism of the dissolved salt was obtained. This amounted, 

 for example, with solutions of protochloride of manganese con- 

 taining 0-956, 0-717, 0-478, and 0-239, to 163, 120-3, 80-87, 

 and 40-20 respectively. 



The magnetism of salt-solutions is therefore directly equiva- 

 lent to the sum of the magnetisms of the dissolving medium, and 

 the salt dissolved; and the magnetism of the latter is propor- 

 tional to the iveight contaiiied in the unit of volume. 



Similar results had previously been found by Pliicker ; de- 

 viations therefrom will be cited infra. 



3. Influence of the Solvent. — Aqueous, alcoholic, and etheric 

 solutions of perchloride of iron showed, after deducting the 

 magnetism of the vessel and solvent, nearly the same magne- 

 tism for the unit of the dissolved salt. 



The magnetism of the dissolved salt hy itself is therefore nearly 

 independent of the nature of the solvent. 



4. At different temper cdures, t, with a series of salt-solutions 

 (for example, of ferrous sulphate of different degrees of con- 

 centration, protochloride of iron, perchloride of iron, nickelous 

 sulphate, cobaltous nitrate, and red prussiate of potash) the 

 magnetism of the salt, nig, by itself, after deducting the mag- 

 netism of the solvent, was expressed by the formula 



m = 100 -0-325^, 

 the magnetism at 0° being put equal to 100. 



