PREFACE. ix 



In conclusion, I tender my thanks to those who have assisted me in this 

 survey. Mr. G. H. Smith of Rochester, and Mr. W. M. Smith of Manlius, are 

 entitled to my acknowledgments for their services in the winter and spring 

 of 1846. Messrs. G. Geddes, H.S.Randal and L. F. Allen, have assisted 

 me in many ways. David Thomas is entitled to a similar acknowledgment; 

 for I have not hesitated to ask his advice on many doubtful questions, and 

 have always been kindly and frankly responded to. 1 have already given 

 the names of the two gentlemen who have been so efficient in the laboratory, 

 and who are still zealously engaged in chemical analysis. Mr. J. Crary, a 

 young chemist of Washington county, has also aided me considerably in the 

 work of analysis. To Mr. J. Pater.son, who has superintended the proof- 

 sheets, the volume is in a great measure indebted for its general correctness. 



E. EMMONS, 

 Albany, December 30, 1846. 



