WESTERN DISTRICT. 293 



This soil is regarded as a day, and forms a soil quite stiff and impervious, but it is a 

 durable wheat soil. The average production is fifteen bushels per acre. It is the basis of 

 the soil for this crop through this section of country. Above it a soil is not uncommon, 

 which is called locally a wheat sand, in contradistinction to a wheat clay. The former, 

 however, is never a thick deposit, and it is usually sufficiently near the clay to be influenced 

 by its presence. It is one excellence of the wheat clay and sand, that whatever manure is 

 put npon them remains until used up by vegetation : a leachy soil, as it is called, is hardly 

 known in the county. 



Surface soil, from the range of elevated land icest of Moscow village, resting upon the 



Genesee slate. 



ANALYSIS. 



Water of absorption 4*04 



Organic matter 1-16 



Silicates 82-70 



Peroxide of iron and alumina 7 -50 



Carbonate of lime 1 -75 



Magnesia 0-50 



97-65 



Soil taken from the farm of Mr. Horsford, nine inches below the surface, resting upon the 



Moscow shale. 



ANALYSIS. 



Water of absorption 2-00 



Organic matter 1-12 



Silicates 89-75 



Peroxide of iron and alumina 4-21 



Carbonate of Lime . . 2-18 



Magnesia . trace. 



99-26 

 The soils of Livingston contain less oxide of iron than is usual : hence they are of a light 

 drab or clay color, which conveys the idea of coldness, and probably the power of absorbing 

 heat is less than in soils which are red or brown. 



Analysis of a specimen of soil from Castile, Wyoming county. 

 Its characters resemble those of Livingston, and it rests upon the same geological for- 

 mation. 



Water of absorption 2-50 



Organic matter 8-25 



Silicates. . . : 8 1 • 50 



Peroxide of iron and alumina 5 -91 



Carbonate of lime 0-50 



Magnesia 0-05 



98-71 



