JUKI ANALYSES OF WATERS. 



Fig. 35. 



a. Onondaga limestone. ft. M.mlius waterlime. c. Talus. d. Depth 45 feet. 



In regard to the mode in which these basin-shaped cavities were formed, it is Dr. Link- 

 laen's opinion that i( was by subsidence. An interesting paper, maintaining this view, 



- read by Dr. L. before the American Association of Geologist* and Naturalists, at its 

 meeting in 1S46. This view is sustained by the form of the above banks; by the per- 

 pendicular, but circular walls ; by the nature of the superior rocks, or those which form 

 the lower parts of the basin ; by the fad that subsidences on a smaller scale occur occa- 

 sionally ; and lastly, by the still undisturbed position of the surrounding rocks, or the rock 

 which fornix the sides. 



The Manlius Green lakes, which are small but beautiful sheets of water, furnish aboul 

 100 grains of saline matter to the gallon, a large proportion of which consists of the 

 sulphate of lime ; a sufficient quantity, however, of the crenate of lime is dissolved, to 

 impart a bitter taste. The vegetable matters which happen to get immersed in the waters 

 of these lakes soon become incrusted with a calcareous deposit, a part of which is an 

 apocrenate of lime. Another pond of the same character as the .Manlius Green pond, 

 and whose basin is excavated in the same shales, contains a little more than one half the 

 proportion of saline matter. 



The water of the Onondaga lake, which is also situated upon the salt and gypseous 

 rocks, contains 51 - 0S grains of saline matter per gallon. 



S aeateles lake is quite free from saline matter. It contains, however, lime in solution. 

 A> an evidence of its comparative purity, it abounds in trout of a fine quality, some of 

 which have been known to weigh twenty pounds. This lake is situated above the shales 

 of the gypseous rocks. It is surrounded by the Marcellus shales and the Hamilton group ; 

 the latter rocks are quite siliceous, but the former contain a soluble salt of lime. 



A 'lass of waters which abound in this district, are the hydrosulphuretted waters, of 

 which there are two orders : the first, and most common, are those whose principal salts 

 are sulphates ; the second, those whose salts are chlorides. Organic matter, in each 

 order, seems to form the base with which the sulphur is combined. As an example of the 

 fir»t order, the Sharon --j >ti tilts are now the most eminent. They issue from the upper part 

 of the Salt group, or rather from the shales just below the Manlius waterlimes. Springs 

 Bunilar to the Sharon are common in the same formation, from Schoharie county to Buffalo. 



