SOUTHERN DISTRICT. 311 



Soil of the Old Red Sandstone, taken from the northern slope of the Catskill range, in 



Windham, Greene county. 



ANALYSIS. 



Organic matter 5-00 



Water of absorption 7-00 



Silicates 80-00 



I 'eroxide of iron and alumina 5 • 50 



Carbonate of lime 0-25 



Alumina 3-50 



100-25 



Another, but a forest soil, from near the top of the Catskill mountain, gave 



Water and vegetable matter 24-00 



Silicates _. 09-00 



Peroxide of iron 2-17 



Carbonate of lime 0-75 



Alumina 3 -67 



99-59 



By this analysis we obtain the full amount of lime, which the soil of the Old Red Sand- 

 stone contains. Under cultivation, this is speedily reduced ; and hence, in order to grow 

 crops which require lime, the farmer must add it to his manures. 



The soil formed by the debris of the red rocks of the Catskill mountain range is generally 

 alight, but quick soil. It is warm and early, but does not stand a di ought as well as 

 many soils, when cultivated for corn, or any of the hoed crops. It furnishes the finest 

 feed for grazing ; and the butter which is made from cows feeding upon the rather steep 

 slopes of the Catskill range, either of Greene or Delaware counties, is probably superior to 

 any in the State. There is a richness and freshness in the dairy productions of the Catskill 

 ranges, which makes them in greater demand in the city of New-York, than those from 

 oilier parts of the State. The superiority of the Orange county butter arises from the 

 excellent condition in which it is packed for market, not from its superiority in quality 

 and sweetness. 



Another analysis of soil from the Hamilton group gave 



Water and organic matter 7-00 



Silicates 85-25 



Peroxide of iron and alumina 6-G2 



Carbonate of lime 0-50 



Magnesia... 0-50 



99-87 



