PREMIUM CROPS. 



351 



should then be able to determine the relative power of the soils in the State, and practi- 

 cally their value or adaptedness to the different kinds of husbandry. Observation ought 

 also to he directed to the capacity, as well as adaptedness of position to the different crops 

 in the same district ; inasmuch as (here is but little probability that an entire district is 

 fitted exclusively to one or two kinds of grain. Oats seem to possess an aptitude to ac- 

 commodate themselves to a wide range of latitude. We are not yet in possession of a 

 sufficient number of facts to be ahle to judge of the quantity which our lands ought, under 

 proper cultivation, to yield. 



TABLE OF STATE AND COUNTY PREMIUM CROPS FOR 1846; 



EMBRACING ALSO OTHER LARGE CROPS NOT ENTERED FOR PREMIUMS, WITH THE EXPENSE OF CULTIVATION, 



AND VALUE OF LANDS PER ACRE. 



COUNTIES. 



Wheat. 



Maize. 



Oats. 



Cost of cultivation. 



Value of land. 





Per rcpe 



Per acre. 



Per acre. 





Per acre 



Oneida 



55 ,v. 39J bushels. 



S3 &.S9 bushels. 





- . I tor 2 acres. 



$40-50 





564 













39i 



.. 



. . 



$18*35 for 1 acre. 



830-00 





11 













38 





64 bushels. 



$-207 for 11 acres. 



$100-50 





«i 











Onondasa .... 





60, 65, 71, 80 









Rensselaer . . . 





182 1 





$79'79 for 2 acres. 



sjioo-oo 



Washington . . 



11,44, 29 & 214 



131, 12S 







S'70-00 







93 



90, 1064 





$50-50 



Oswego 





142, 93 



106 







Tompkins 





C 113, 105, 99,) 

 I 133, 9S > 



91 







Seneca 



. . 





86 











106 









Orleans 





112 









TABLE SHOWING THE TIMES OF SOWING AND REAPING l.\ MONROE COUNTY. 



YEARS. 



MAIZE. 



WHEAT. 



BARLEY. 



OATS. 





Planted 



Harvested 



Growth. 



II ir\esled 



Sowed Harvested 



Sowed 



Harvested 



1840 



May 19 



Sept. 17 



121 davs. 



Julv 18 



April 17 | Julv 28 



April 10 





1-41 



" 23 



6 



107 " 



" 20 



" 23 1 " 29 



" 26 



Aug. 4 



is 12 



6 



" 20 



137 " 



" 25 



" 14 



Aug. 2 



1 



« 16 



1843 



" IS 



" 29 



134 " 



" 26 



" 25 



2 



" 20 



9 



1844 



" 10 



" 14 



127 " 



" 15 



1 



Julv 12 



" IS 



Julv 25 



1845 



" 6 



Aug. 20 



106 " 



•' 15 | 



March 28 



" 14 







XII. THE POWER WHICH SOILS POSSESS OF ABSORBING AND RETAINING 



WATER. 



Our account of the New-York soils would be incomplete, if we passed over in silence 

 these important qualities, which all soils possess in a greater or less degree. The de- 

 termination of this power can be satisfactorily ascertained only by an extensive series of 



