(37) 



The juices of other plants are also used in making sugar, 

 for example, in temperate regions, the sugar-beet yields 

 an enormous amount, the sap of the maple tree is made 

 into maple-sugar, while in tropical regions the sap of various 

 palms, such as the coconut-palm and the sugar-palm, 

 is made into palm-sugar. 



Foods. Cases 75 to 100. — The very important section 

 of vegetable foods occupies the cases on the north side of 

 the west hall, opposite those containing the fibers. Here 

 may be seen the various plants and parts of plants common- 

 ly used for food. In a few instances nearly the whole 

 plant is available, as in the mushroom, the morel, and the 

 truffle. Usually, however, certain parts only are nutri- 

 tious or desirable; a few examples of these are as follows: 

 sweet-potatoes, horseradish, carrots, and beets are roots; 

 onions, potatoes, and Jerusalem-artichokes are under- 

 ground stems or rootstocks; asparagus and poke-shoots 

 are young stems; lettuce, beet-tops, spinach, and parsley 

 are leaves; cauliflower and calamus-buds are inflorescences; 

 corn, rice, bananas, mulberries, gooseberries, apples, to- 

 matoes, and oranges are fruits; while peanuts, walnuts, 

 hickorynuts, beans, almonds, and chestnuts are seeds. 



Drugs. Cases 101 to 118 and 201 to 218. — The east 

 hall is given over to drugs. This, like the department of 

 foods, is large and important. The active principles or 

 medicinal agents are stored up in the tissues of the plant 

 or in the tissues of special organs. The great majority of 

 refined drugs are derived from one or more of the parts of 

 the plant, but in the case of the white-agaric, ergot, Irish- 

 moss, Iceland-moss, wintergreen, sundew, bitter-sweet, 

 penny-royal, boneset, and tansy the whole plant is used. 



A few of the crude drugs arranged under the several 

 plant-organs they represent are as follows: sarsaparilla, 

 poke-root, rhubarb, aconite, queen's-root, senega-root, 

 marshmallow, man-in-the-ground, and ipecac are roots; 

 calamus, ginger, colic-root, Canadian snake-root, soap- 

 wort, mandrake, American-ipecac, buckbean, and stone- 



