(H3) 



are popularly termed "plants." After the green seaweeds 

 come the brown ones (cases 5 to 8), and here the largest 

 kinds are included. In their tissues is found a brownish 

 pigment which obscures their green coloring matter. To 

 this group belong the widely distributed "gulf-weed" or 

 "sargasso-weed" (Sargassum) and the gigantic "great 

 kelp " of the Pacific Ocean, which sometimes attains a length 

 of more than a hundred feet. The seaweeds culminate in 

 the red algae, a group in which the plants show some shade 

 of red, pink, or purple; these (cases 8 to 15) exhibit a 

 marvelous range of form and color. The last group of 

 cases containing this series is given to the group of red 

 algae which are known as the corallines, on account of 

 their outward resemblance to the corals. These plants 

 are thoroughly permeated with lime and are often as hard 

 and stone-like as any coral, and build up reefs in the tropi- 

 cal oceans much as the corals do. 



The next great type of plant life is the fungi (cases 16 

 to 40). These, like the plants of the preceding group, 

 vary greatly in size and complexity of structure; but, 

 unlike them, they are devoid of chlorophyl, the character- 

 istic green matter which enables other plants to build up 

 complex food for their nourishment, and consequently 

 they are wholly different in their mode of life. Some are 

 parasitic, deriving their nourishment from living plants 

 and causing enormous damage to crops; others are sap- 

 rophytic, deriving it from the remains of dead organisms; 

 while others are symbiotic, living in such relationship with 

 chlorophyl-bearing (green) plants that they mutually 

 nourish one another, as in the case of mycorhizas. There 

 are five generally recognized series here: First in order are 

 the alga-like fungi (case 16, in part) ; these vary in form from 

 simple masses of protoplasm to simple or branching threads. 

 Here belong many of the moulds and similar forms which 

 grow both on other plants and on animals. In case 16, 

 also, have been installed specimens and illustrations of 

 crown-gall, an abnormal growth which is caused by minute 



