Veitch's silver fir, from Japan, and said also to occur on 

 the neighboring coast of Manchuria, is useful for orna- 

 mental purposes; it was discovered in i860 on the famous 

 Japanese mountain, Fuji-yama, by Mr. Veitch, for whom 

 it is named. The red fir, from Washington and Oregon, 

 with its blue leaves, borne almost erect and apparently 

 on but one side of the branchlets, makes a conspicuous 

 object; in its native country it sometimes attains a height 

 of 250 feet but here is of very slow growth, as evidenced by 

 the plants in the pinetum which are about 20 years old; 

 its wood is sometimes used in the interior finishing of 

 buildings. Among other firs here are: the white fir, from 

 western North America, sometimes growing to a height 

 of 200 to 250 feet; the Siberian fir, from northern Europe 

 and Asia, yielding a soft lumber in general use and a bark 

 used in tanning leather; the silver fir, from Europe; Nord- 

 mann's silver fir, from the Caucasus; the Cilician fir, from 

 Asia Minor; and the Nikko silver fir, from Japan. 



The spruces (Picea) are located in the area to the north- 

 east of the firs. Some of the spruces are most valuable 

 timber trees. The oriental spruce, from western Asia and 

 the Caucasus, is present in several specimens. One of the 

 hardiest spruces for our climate, and a general favorite, is 

 the Colorado spruce, which sometimes becomes 100 feet 

 tall in its native country; this will be found here in the 

 green form; also in the varieties glauca and Kosteri, the 

 blue color of the young leaves more marked in the latter, 

 and a pendulous form of variety glauca. The Norway 

 spruce and a number of horticultural forms are brought to- 

 gether to the west of the group of golden bells or Forsythia 

 near the Garden station plaza; it is a commonly cultivated 

 tree and furnishes a useful timber, which is known as "white 

 deal" in England, and is largely used in the manufacture of 

 musical instruments; the resinous exudation of this tree 

 is known as Burgundy pitch, which, in combination with 

 other ingredients, is used in Europe to line beer casks. 

 Other spruces of interest here are the Yesso spruce, the 



