(i6o) 



Asia. The large-toothed oak, of Japan, a valued timber 

 tree there, is represented nearby; as is also the gland- 

 bearing oak, another Japanese species. The shingle, or 

 laurel oak, of the eastern United States, is not of much 

 commercial value, as its wood checks badly in drying; 

 it is sometimes used in making clapboards and shingles. 

 Schneck's oak comes from the south central parts of the 

 United States. The Turkey oak, of southeastern Europe 

 and western Asia, is valued in that region on account of 

 its bark which is used in tanning leather. Several hybrid 

 oaks form interesting parts of the collection. The pin 

 oak, the scarlet oak, the black oak and the white oak are 

 to be seen in large wild specimens elsewhere in the grounds. 



The chestnuts (Gastanea) are represented by the Japanese 

 chestnut, of China and Japan. The American chestnut 

 was in former years common about the grounds, some of 

 the trees being large and of great age. The chestnut 

 blight has destroyed or necessitated the destruction of all 

 of these trees. The beeches (Fagus) are located in the 

 north part of the swale at the west side of the oak family 

 reservation. The European beech and its purple-leaved 

 variety may both be found here in small, recently planted 

 trees; there are large specimens. of the purple-leaved and 

 weeping varieties of this south of the mansion. Small 

 trees of the American beech are also here, but large wild 

 specimens may be found along the driveways and paths in 

 the vicinity; the wood of the beech takes a high polish and 

 is largely used for furniture, while the nuts are edible. 

 The uses of the European beech are about the same as 

 those of the American. 



The elm family, to which belong the elms, the hack- 

 berries or sugarberries, and the water-elms, is located on the 

 ridge to the north of the stable. Among the elms (Ulmus) 

 to be found here is the Scotch or Wych elm, native from 

 Europe to Japan; the red elm, growing wild from Tennessee 

 to Alabama; the cork or rock elm, of northeastern North 

 America; the Chinese elm, of China and Japan; and the 



