446 Geological Society : — 



be marked by a bed of compact limestone, which is the representa- 

 tive of the " sponge-bed " of Hunstanton. This can also be traced 

 in Yorkshire as far as the north-western extremity of the AY olds. 

 Above this a few feet of grey gritty chalk retain the character of 

 the "Inocerarnus-hedi " throughout the area above mentioned. At 

 the north-western extremity of the Wolds the main mass of the 

 Chalk Marl has diminished in thickness, but more than recovers 

 this at Speeton, where, according to the chemical and microscopical 

 evidence, there is a complete passage from the " Gault " to the 

 " Chalk Marl." The peculiar development of the latter at Speeton 

 was very fully described. No bed such as the Cambridge Greensand 

 or the Chloritic Marl can be taken as a line of separation. 



Throughout Lincolnshire and Yorkshire certain courses of grey- 

 coloured chalk are recognizable on the horizon of the Totternhoe 

 Stone : these are known collectively as the " Grey bed." Much 

 comminuted shell and numerous Pectens characterize this bed, which 

 is faintly recognizable even at Speeton. The " Grey bed " deter- 

 mines the upper limit of the Chalk Marl. The equivalents of the 

 Grey Chalk vary less in thickness throughout the area than those 

 already described. Certain lithological characters, which first 

 begin to manifest themselves in the marly beds just above the 

 Totternhoe Stone in Norfolk, become greatly developed in South 

 Lincolnshire, and throughout that county, as in Norfolk, the Grey 

 Chalk is usually of a marly nature. In Lincolnshire there is much 

 red coloration on this horizon. The occurrence of Belemnitella plena 

 in Lincolnshire has been recognized. The band of bluish black 

 clayey material in which it occurs at Barton continues throughout 

 Yorkshire, but no Belemnite has yet been found. Allusion was made 

 to the characteristic features towards the base of the Middle Chalk. 

 Lists of fossils were given, and a new species of Holaster (H.rotun- 

 dus) was described. Numerous chemical analyses and microscopic 

 details of structure were also giveu. 



2. " On the Cae-Gwyn Cave, North Wales." By Henry Hicks, 

 M.D., E.B.S., F.G.S. ; with an Appendix by C. E. De Bance, Esq., 

 E.G.S. 



The author gave an account of the exploration of the cavern 

 during the latter part of 1885, and during 1886-7. He considered 

 that the results obtained during that time proved conclusively that 

 there was no foundation for the views of those who contended that 

 the drift which covered over the entrance and extended into the 

 cavern was remanie, but they proved that the deposits which lay 

 over the bone-earth were in situ, and were identical with the 

 normal glacial deposits of the area. These deposits had once ex- 

 tended continuously across the valley, and the cavern (400 feet 

 above Ordnance Datum) had consequently been completely buried 

 beneath them. 



The cave must have been occupied by animals during the forma- 

 tion of the bone-earth, before any of the glacial deposits now found 

 there had accumulated, and a thick Moor of stalagmite had covered 



