REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR AND STATE GEOLOGIST 1901 1'45- 



esting combination of characters, which are not accidental but 

 have their genesis in geologic structure and processes. 



Passing east from Oneida by the railroad, and crossing the 

 low ground of the Oneida embayment, with its area of yellow 

 sand knolls, the first clear appearance of channel features is 

 seen a mile west of Verona station. In a short distance it 

 becomes evident that the railroad lies in a well developed chan- 

 nel. The altitude of the channel floor is 465 feet. At Verona 

 station the railroad is cut in the south wall of the channel. 

 One and one half miles east of Verona the south bank is very 

 conspicuous, some 40 rods south of the tracks, the latter resting 

 on a filling in the channel. 



At the highway crossing, nearly 2 miles east of Verona,, 

 the channel is about i mile wide, and the south bank 

 is about 40 feet high. The north bank is low but distinct. The 

 floor of the channel is strewn with boulders (see pi. 28, 29). 



One half mile north of the road crossing above noted is an 

 outlier of " Oneida grit," swept bare over many acres by water 

 action. Preglacial weathering had opened the joints of the 

 quartzose rock so as to make a " rock city," which the ice did 

 not pluck away. The west side of the rock area shows stream 

 erosion, the ground being lower than the channel carrying the 

 railroad. 



About J mile beyond the highway the railroad leaves 

 the channel and makes a cutting through a mass of drift which 

 forms at this point the north wall of the channel. In this cut 

 the railroad has the highest elevation between New York and 

 Kochester, 477 feet. Here and for a mile east the channel is 

 excellently developed, being at least J mile wide and the 

 walls 40 to 50 feet high. Plates 30 and 31 are from photographs 

 taken at the next road crossing, at the bend in the tracks, near 

 the Summit View stock farm. The precise altitude of the chan- 

 nel floor near this highway is 459 feet. 



Approaching Greenway station, the channel walls diminish, 

 the north bank disappearing entirely. At the station the south 

 bank is not evident, as a hollow from the south joins at this 

 place. 



