?96 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



coats the larger granules. When this film is removed by treat- 

 ment with dilute hydrochloric acid, the constituent materials are 

 readily recognized as consisting mainly of quartz and feldspar 

 fragments (both orthoclase and a plagioclase variety), occasional 

 granules of magnetic iron oxid, and irregularly outlined scalea 

 of kaolin, together with dustlike material too finely comminuted 

 for accurate determination. Many of the larger granules are 

 white and opaque, being presumably feldspar in transition 

 stages toward kaolin. An occasional flake of hornblende is 

 present." 



In Ohio the Albany molding sand is being gradually displaced 

 in the trade by local sands. The principal points in Ohio at 

 which molding sands are obtained are Zanesville, Sandusky, 

 Hamilton, New Lexington, Vincent and Rushville. 



Somewhat farther west, the molding sands chiefly used are 

 obtained in the neighborhood of Indianapolis, Centerton, Delhi, 

 St Joseph and St Louis. Large quantities are mined near 

 the Fox river in Illinois, at McHenry, Gary, Batavia, and Wed- 

 ron. These are all fine grained sands and are used for the 

 smaller iron or brass castings. 



A coarse sand used for large castings is obtained in the vicin- 

 ity of Brazil Ind. Other good sands suitable for heavy work, 

 are obtained near Valparaiso and McCove Ind. and Racine, Mil- 

 waukee, Kenosha and Beloit Wis. 



Bibliography of molding sand 



Bag-shaw, Walter. On the Mechanical Treatment of Moulding Sand. 



Inst. Mech. Eng. Proc. 1891. 43:94-107, pi. 25-29. 

 Crooks, W. & Rohrig, E. Practical Treatise on Metallurgy, v. 2, Copper, 

 Iron. 1869. p. 876. 

 Molding and casting are treated on p. 625-40, 660 et scq. 

 Lineham, "W*. J. Textbook of Mechanical Engineering. 804p. 1895. 



Molding and molding sands are discussed on p. 3 et seq. 

 Merrill, G, P. Guide to the Study of the Collections in the Section of 

 Applied Geology, the Non-metallic Minerals. U. S. Nat. Mus. Rep't 

 for 1899. 1901. p. 155-483. 

 Molding sands are discussed on p. 474-77. 

 INason, F. L. Economic Geology of Albany County. N. Y. State Geol- 

 ogist. 13th An. Rep't. 1894. p. 263, 287. 

 Description of *he molding sand deposits and industry is to be found on p. 268-71. 

 Percy, J. Metallurgy, v. 1, Introduction, Refractory Materials and Fuel. 

 1875. p. 596. 

 Molding and casting sands are discussed on p. 152-54. 



