HORN AND BONE IMPLEMENTS 295 



"been found on the same sites and in the same graves. This is the 

 case in Europe. Among the harpoons of the lake dwellers in 

 Switzerland are those barbed on one and both sides. A Scandinavian 

 specimen has barbs on but one. In New York, as a rule, this is a 

 recent form when of a large size. 



Fig. 234 is in the Bigelow collection, and is from a grave at Jack 

 Reef on the Seneca river. In this were stone implements, two jaw- 

 bones of dogs, and a flattened cylindric bone implement. There 

 were also several double barbed ones. Fig. 238 is from the Rich- 

 mond collection, and is a large and broad harpoon, with a central 

 perforation and but one barb. Its striking feature is a series of 

 short incisions at the base. Mr Richmond thought these were for 

 marking pottery, but thongs of sinew might have been passed 

 through them for attachment to the staff. 



Fig. 239 differs widely from the last, and is in the Bigelow collec- 

 tion. There are nine large barbs on one side, and none on the 

 other. The edges are nearly parallel and the barbs long. It came 

 from the bank of Seneca river, north of Weedsport, and is dark 

 brown, like most articles from that place. While generally well 

 preserved, it is cellular on the reverse side. Fig. 242 is in the same 

 collection and of much the same hue. It is from a recent fort 

 partly on lot 8, Fabius, and is much curved the other way. There 

 is but one barb, and no perforation. The lower part is abruptly 

 expanded, as in some Seneca harpoons, and the edges are rounded, 

 the general surface being flat. The barb is sharp and long. 



Fig. 243 is a large and curious harpoon, much like a broad knife 

 in outline. In one edge near the base is a large rounded notch, 

 with a perforation lower down. The barb is so far from the point 

 that it may be a knife, or at least have had a double use. It is from 

 the north side of the river at Brewerton. Fig. 244 is of a very differ- 

 ent character, and is in the Bigelow collection. It was found on 

 Howland island in the Seneca river, and is triangular in section and 

 highly polished. There are five barbs on one side, but what should 

 be the point is obtuse, while the other end is slender and sharp. Dr 

 Ran has an illustration of a slender one-sided harpoon used in 

 arctic America, in his fig. 98, and describes its use. He quotes from 

 Prof. Nilsson's Primitive inhahitants of Scandinavia, p. 33 : 



