322 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



and edges neatly turned over, and is rarer than the others. The 

 horn rattle is modern, of course, being made of a cow's horn cut 

 off at both ends. These are closed with wood, as in the bases of 

 old powder-horns. The handle passes through both ends, but pro- 

 trudes from but one. This rattle may be used in any dance. 



Though not made of horn or bone the drums and another rattle 

 may be mentioned here. The gourd rattle retains its natural pyri- 

 f orm shape, and is called by the Onondagas a-e-tot-hah ka-sta-wen-sa y 

 the first word being the name of the medicine dance in which it is 

 used. Mr Morgan does not give this prefix. No rattles or drums 

 appear in a condolence, which is purely civic in character. 



The Indian drum is ga-no-jo-o in Seneca, ka-na-ju-we in Onon- 

 daga, meaning a covered kettle. It is used in the war dance and 

 many others, but never in the snake dance. The big drum is also 

 used in the annual feast of the dead, held in the spring. Its size is 

 that of a large keg, with the diameter of the old-fashioned churn. 

 The smaller ones, of the size of small paint kegs, are used in most 

 dances. 



Knee rattles of deers hoofs were used in early days. The writer 



has seen sheeps hoofs employed as a substitute. A fringe of these 



was tied round the leg, and added to the noisy effect of the dance. 



When brass or copper bangles could be procured, these became 



substitutes or additional ornaments, and are yet found on Indian 



sites. The writer has seen conical rolls of sheet iron used in place 



of these. Every jingling or clashing ornament increased the desired 



noise of the dance. Some of the worked phalanges may have had 



a similar office. 



Miscellaneous 



A number of articles not easily classified will be grouped under 



one head. Some are unique as far as reports go ; but others like 



them may yet appear, and one aim of these papers is to call out 



unknown material. In articles of horn and bone this is to be hoped 



for more than in other kinds. When we remember how great lias 



been our advance during the last 10 years in a knowledge of these 



aboriginal relics in New York, and how much practically un worked 



ground awaits examination, we can easily believe that we are now 



only in the skirmish line, preparing for the later advance in full 



