854 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Silkworms 

 The mulberry silkworm is the insect which produces all the 

 raw material from which silks are manufactured. Several 

 related species are also represented in the collection. 



159 Mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori Linn. 



160 Cynthia moth, Samia cynthia Dru. 



161 Polyphemus moth: American silkworm, Tele a poly- 



p h e m u s Cram. 



162 Japanese silkworm, Antheraea yamimai Guer. 



163 Chinese silkworm, Antheraea pernyi Guer. 



scale insects, Ooccidae (104-202) 



Up 



A natural group of great economic importance. 



Chief articles on the group 



Coxnstock, J. H. U. S. dep't agric. Rep't, '80. p. 276-349; Cornell univ. 

 dep't ent. 2d rep't, '83. p. 45-147. 



Cockerell, T. D. A,. Check list of the Ooccidae. 111. state lab. nat. hist. 

 Bail. '96, v. 4, art. 11, p. 318-39; supplement, 111. state lab. nat. hist. Bui. 

 '99. v. 5, art. 7, p. 389-98. 



164 Cottony cushion scale insect, leer y a purchasi Mask. 

 This species is of interest on account of its threatening the 

 destruction of the citrus fruit industry of California about 1880. 

 Principal food plants: citrus trees. 



Treatment: Importation of natural enemies, fumigation with 

 hydrocyanic acid gas. 



Chief articles: Eiley, C. V. U. S. dep't agric. Rep't, '86. p. 

 466-91. 



165 Elm tree bark louse, G o s s y p a r i a ulmi Geoff. Prin- 

 cipal food plant: European elms. 



Treatment: Spray with kerosene emulsion or a whale oil soap 

 solution in early spring. 



Chief accessible articles: Lintner, J. A., state ent. 12th rep't, 

 '96. p. 292-97; Felt, E. P. N. Y. state mus. Bui. 20. '98. p. 16-18; 



Bui. 27. '99. p. 46; Fisheries, game and forest 



com. 5th rep't, '99. p. 375-79. 



166 Oak kermes, Kermes galliformis Riley. Princi- 

 pal food plant: oaks; rarely injurious. 



