CHAP. XLI. LEGUMINA^CEiE. Ce'rCIS. 659 



Soil, Situation, Sec. Like most of the Leguminaceae, this tree prefers a deep, 

 free, sandy soil, rich rather than poor ; and it will only thrive, and become a 

 handsome tree, in sheltered situations. In the northern parts of the island, it 

 requires to be planted against a wall ; and few ornamental trees better deserve 

 such a situation. The species is propagated by seeds, and the varieties by 

 grafting. The seeds are sown on heat early in spring, and come up the 

 same season ; and the plants will produce flowers in three or four years. 



Statistics. Cercis Siliqudstrum in the Environs of London. At Syon, 20 ft. high, the diameter of 

 the trunk 14 in., and of the head 39 ft. ; at Fulham Palace, 90 years planted, and 25 ft. high, the di- 

 ameter of the trunk 17 in., and of the head 25 ft. ; at Purser's Cross, in the Mile End Nursery, and 

 in the grounds of an adjoining villa, from 20 ft. to 30 ft. high; at Kenwood, 38 years planted, and 

 18 ft. high ; in the Brompton Nursery, a handsome tree, 21 ft. high ; in the arboretum at Kew, 25 ft. 

 high. 



Cercis Siliqudstrum South of London. In Hampshire, at Leigh Park, 7 years planted, and 10 ft. 

 high. In Wiltshire, at Longford Castle, 30 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 12 in. and of the head 

 20 ft. 



Ce'rcis Siliqudstrum North of London. In Bedfordshire, at Ampthill, 20 years planted, and 15 ft. 

 high. In Berkshire, at White Knights, 25 years planted, and 20 ft. high. In Oxfordshire, in the 

 Botanic Garden at Oxford, 16 years planted, and 18 ft. high. In Suffolk, at Ampton Hall, 10 years 

 planted, and 12 ft. high. In Warwickshire, at Whitley Abbey, 18 years planted, and 13 ft. high. In 

 Worcestershire, at Croome, 40 years planted, and 30 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 18 in., and of the 

 head 18 ft. 



Cercis Siliqudstrum in Scotland. The tree is generally planted against a wall, and will cover about 

 the same'space as a peach tree in 10 or 12 years. There is a fine specimen in the Edinburgh Botanic 

 Garden. In Berwickshire, at the Hirsel, a standard tree, 7 years planted, is 6| ft. high. In Aber- 

 deenshire, at Thainston, the tree makes shoots upwards of 2 ft. long every year ; but they are generally 

 killed back to the stump every winter ; at Gordon Castle, 8 years planted, it is 9 ft. high against a 

 wall. 



Cercis Siliqudstrum in Ireland. At Dublin, in the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, 25 years planted, it 

 is 14 ft. high; at Terenure, 10 years planted, it is 10 ft. high; at Cullenswood Nursery, 30 years 

 planted, it is 30 ft. high. At Castleton, it is 15 ft. high. In Connaught, at Coole, 10 ft. high. In 

 Sligo, at Makree Castle, it is 12 ft. high, against a wall ; the branches extending over a space 45 ft. in 

 width. 



Ce'rcis Siliqudstrum in Foreign Countries. In France, at Paris, in the Jardin des Plantes, 60 years 

 planted, it is 40 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk is 29 in., and of the head 45 ft. ; at Sceaux, 20 

 years planted, it is 40 ft. high ; in the Botanic Garden at Toulon, 50 years planted, it is 35 ft. high ; 

 at Nantes, in the nurseryofM. DeNerrieres, 50 years planted, it is 30ft. high. In Saxony, at Wnrlitz, 

 25 years planted, and 10 ft. high ; the tree requiring protection during winter. In Austria, at Vienna, 

 in the University Botanic Garden, 9 years planted, and 16 ft. high. In Prussia, at Berlin, in the 

 Pfauen Insel, 9 years planted, and 6 ft. high. In Hanover, in the Botanic Garden at Gottingcn, 20 

 years planted, and 12 ft. high. In Italy, at Monza, 40 years planted, and 26 ft. high. 



Commercial Statistics. Price of plants, in London, from Is. 6d. to 2s. 6d. 

 each ; and seeds \s. 6d. an ounce : at Bollwjdler, 1 franc, and the white- 

 flowered variety 2 francs : at New York, the species is 37^ cents. 



¥ 2. C. canadensis L. The Canada Judas Tree. 



Identification. Lin. Sp.,534. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 518. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 463. 



Si/nont/mes. Siliquastrum cordatum Moench Meth. ; red Bird Tree, Amer. ; Gainier de Canada, Bou- 



ton rouge, Fr. 

 Engraving. Mill. Icon., t. 2. ; and our plate in Vol. II. 



Spec. Char., fyc. Leaves acuminate, villose beneath at the axils of the veins 

 As compared with C. Siliquastrum, its flowers are of a paler rose colour 

 the legume is on a longer pedicel, and tipped with a longer style. A 

 native of North America, on the margins of rivers, from Canada to Vir- 

 ginia. (Dec. Prod., ii. p. 518.) 



Varieties. 



^ C. c. 2 pubescens Ph. — Leaves pubescent on the under surface. (Dec.) 

 ¥ C. c. 3, Foreman's new variety, is mentioned in Prince's Catalogue, 

 published in New York, in 1829. 



Description, §c. This tree bears a general resemblance to the preceding 

 species ; but it is more slender and smaller in all its parts ; and it seldom 

 rises higher than 20 ft. It is at once distinguished from C. Siliquastrum by its 

 leaves being heart-shaped and pointed ; they are also much thinner, more 

 veined, and of a lighter green ; and the flowers are generally produced in 

 smaller numbers than in the other species. It is a native of North America, 

 from Canada to Virginia, along the banks of rivers; and the flowers are there 

 used by the French Canadians in salads and pickles, and the young branches 

 to dye wool of a nankeen colour. The wood resembles that of the other 

 species. The tree was introduced into England in 1730; but it has never 

 been much cultivated ; though, in France and Germanv, it is considered to be 



y y 3 



