CHAP. XLII. 



ROSA CEM. RO SA. 



797 



sents the arcade ; b b, beds for the dwarf plants ; and c c, rows of standards 

 belonging to that section planted in small borders exterior to the walk. By 

 having the portions of arcade always at regular distances from each other, 

 the unity of effect in the perspective, to a person walking through it, will be 

 kept up ; while the bed, or beds, devoted to each section, though always of the 

 same length, might be regulated, in point of breadth, so as always to give the 

 precise superficial contents required. By surrounding these beds with a row 

 of standards of the same kind as the dwarfs, the scene would be shut in ; 

 and, on that account, its effect would be stronger. Instead of separating 

 each group into two beds to make room for the central walk, as in fig. 527., 

 they might be united in one, and surrounded by a walk, as in fig. 526. ; but, 

 though this might improve the view of a straight arcade from one end, we 

 apprehend it would considerably lessen the enjoyment of walking through it, 

 by the regularly repeated interruptions which the beds would produce. The 

 piers of the arcade ought to present their edges to the walk ; and they should 

 not rise up out of the soil, or abruptly from the gravel, but from a plinth of 

 stone on its margin : while the plants ought always to rise, not from the gravel 

 or the turf, but from a dug spot; because no improved rose will thrive, for 

 any length of time, in ground which is not frequently stirred and manured. 



Arcades of Roses. When roses are grown in arcades, and the flowers are to 

 be seen from below, the arches on which the plants are trained should always 

 be at such a distance from each other as freely to admit the light between 

 them ; otherwise, the finest roses will be produced on the exterior surface of 

 the arcade, and few or none be seen from the inside; the plants will, also, 

 soon become naked below. The best mode for growing the plants, and dis- 

 playing their blossoms to a spectator on the walk, is to form the arches of 

 trellis work, about 1 ft. or 18 in. in width ; 

 and to place them along the walk, not nearer 

 than 6 ft. or 8 ft. apart, as indicated in fig. 

 526. at d d d. The reason why the edge 

 of the arch of trelliswork is placed to the 

 walk, and not its side, as usual, is, the 

 better to display the roses on each face of 

 the trelliswork to persons passing along the 

 walk. The height of the summit of the arches 

 ought to be regulated by the distances be- 

 tween them ; making it such, that, when the 

 spectator is standing beneath one arch, he 

 may see the summit of another at an angle 

 of from 30° to 40°. When diagonal arches 

 are to be formed, single iron rods only may 

 be employed, both for the cross arches, and 

 those which are placed diagonally ; but, 

 though this forms the handsomest arcade 

 to walk under, we do not think it displays 

 the roses to the same advantage as the broad 



arches of trelliswork placed edgewise, which [ 



we have just mentioned; and of which fig. 1 -1 



n 



528. shows the elevation and the ground 

 plan. Where the flowers are to be seen from 

 without, the arcade may be wholly covered 



with shoots; but, in that case, it must be '"' ' ' ' ' 



understood to be formed for the shade, and not for the appearance which 

 the flowers are to produce to a spectator walking through it. 



Espaliers of Roses, as a substitute for hedges in a flower-garden, may be 

 formed, by training them either on a single wire fence (fig. 529., of which 

 fig. 530. is the ground plan), or on a double fence, composed of hoop-iron and 

 wire, in the manner indicated in fig. 531. The standards, a a, are of hoop- 

 iron, and are kept together at top by the rod b, which passes through them ; 



