CHAP. XLII. ROSACEM. CYDO V NIA. 931 



attains any size ; and, in situations exposed to high winds, the fruit will not 

 remain on the tree till ripe. The finest specimens of quince trees in this 

 country are to be found in old orchards, adjoining ponds ; it being customary, 

 formerly, to plant a quince tree in every apple orchard. 



Propagation and Culture. Seeds are ripened as readily by the quince as 

 by the apple and pear ; but the quickest way of raising plants is by layers, 

 which is that generally adopted in British nurseries. The quince will also 

 grow by cuttings, put in in autumn, in moist sandy soil. The tree, when 

 once planted out, requires very little attention, beyond that of removing the 

 suckers from the root, and the side shoots from the main stem. To have the 

 fruit of a large size, the head of the tree ought to be kept open by thinning out 

 the shoots ; and the fruit ought also to be thinned out, leaving no more on the 

 tree than it can well mature. 



Statistics. In the environs of London, there are trees from 15 ft to 20 ft. high, in various market- 

 gardens. An old tree, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, is 12 ft. high. In Radnorshire, at 

 Maeslough Castle, there is a tree 21 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk of which is 10 in., and of the 

 head 22 ft. In Rutlandshire, at Belvoir Castle, 26 years planted, it is 15 ft. high. In Staffordshire, at 

 Rolleston Hall, 50 years planted, it is 20 ft. high, in moist soil on marl. In Suffolk, at Finborough Hall, 

 60 years planted, it is 16 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 1 ft. 4 in., and of the head 20 ft. In Wilt- 

 shire, at Longford Castle, it is 15 ft. high, in light loam on moist gravel. In Worcestershire, at 

 Hagley, 10 years planted, it is 11 ft. high. 



1 2. C. sine'nsis Thouin. The China Quince Tree. 



Identification. Thouin Ann. Mus., 19. p. 145. t. 8. and 9. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 638. ; Don's Mill., 2 



p. 650. 

 Synonyme. Pyrus sinensis Poir. Supply 4. p. 452. 

 Engravings Ann. Mus., 19. t. 8. and 9. ; and the plate of this tree in our Second Volume. 



Spec. Char., $c. Leaves ovate, acuminated at both ends, acutely serrated 

 when young, a little villose, and when adult, glabrous. Stipules oblong" 

 linear, serrated, the teeth glanded. Flowers rosy, becoming red. Calyx 

 glabrous, its lobes serrulated, and a little leafy. Stamens in one row. 

 Fruit egg-shaped, large, hard, almost juiceless, and greenish. Seeds in each 

 cell about 30, with many abortive. {Dec. Prod., ii.p, 631.) A very handsome 

 low tree, very distinct in appearance from the common quince, from the 

 shining surface of its leaves, and the regular serratures of their margins. 

 It is a native of China, where it grows to the height of 20 ft., flowering in 

 May and June, and producing egg-shaped greenish fruit, which, as before 

 stated, is hard, and nearly dry. There are plants in the Horticultural 

 Society's Garden from 8 ft. to 10 ft. high; and it is propagated in the prin- 

 cipal London nurseries. 



* 3. C. japo'nica Pers. The Japan Quince Tree. 



Identification. Pers. Syn., 2. p. 40. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 638. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 650. 



Synonymes. ? Pyrus japonica Thunb. Fl. Jap., 207., and Bot. Mag., t. 692.; Chamomiles jap6nica 



Lindl. Lin. Trans., 13. p. 98. 

 Engravings. Bot. Mag., t. 692. ; Morris Fl. Conp., t. 1. ; and our fig. 652. 



Spec. Char., 8fc. Leaves oval, somewhat cuneated, crenately serrated, gla- 

 brous upon both surfaces. Stipules kidney-shaped, and serrated. Flowers 

 mostly 2 — 3 together, rarely solitary. Calyx gla- 

 brous ; its lobes short, obtuse, entire. Stamens in 

 two rows. {Dec. Prod., ii. p. 638.) A shrub, a 

 native of Japan and China ; growing to the height 

 of 5 ft. or 6 ft., and flowering the greater part of 

 the year, more especially if supplied with water 

 during the hottest months. It was introduced in 

 1815, and has spread rapidly throughout British 

 gardens, in which it is generally known by the 

 name of the Pyrus japonica. It is one of the most 

 desirable deciduous shrubs in cultivation, whether 

 as a bush in the open lawn, trained against a wall, 

 or treated as an ornamental hedge plant. It has 

 also been trained up with a single stem as a stand- 

 ard; and, in this character, its pendent branches 



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