CHAP. LX1IJ. CAPRIFOLIA CE^. LON1 CEM. 1043 



Xylostcum, Caprifolium, Chamaecerasus, Pericl^menum, Town. Inst., t. 378. and 379. ; Caprifolium 

 and Lonicera, Rcem. et Schult. Syst. ; Lonfcera and Xylostcum, Torrey Fl. Un.St.; Chfevre 

 feuille, Fr. ; Geissblatt, Honcighlume, and Lonicefe, Ger. 

 Derivation. Named after Adam I.onicer, a German, who was born in 1528, and died in 155b". There 

 was another Lonicer, John, who wrote comments on Dioscorides. 



Description, cfc. Twining or erect shrubs, natives of Europe, the north of 

 Africa, Asia, and America. The greater number of the species and varieties 

 are of easy culture in British gardens, in common garden soil ; and they are 

 all propagated by cuttings, or some of them more readily by layers. The 

 flowers of some of the species are highly fragrant and r-gr 



ornamental ; and that of the common European honey- 

 suckle is supposed to have given rise to one of the most ,^ 

 beautiful ornaments of Grecian architecture (fig. 796.) V 

 Price of plants, in the London nurseries, from 6d. to 1 

 2s. 6d. each ; at Bollwyller, from 50 cents to 2 francs 

 and at New York, from 25 cents to half a dollar. 



The genus Lonicera of Linnaeus was separated by Rcemer and Schultes into 

 the genera Lonicera and Caprifolium ; but they were reunited by De Candolle, 

 whose arrangement has been followed by Sir W. J. Hooker and G. Don, and is 

 adopted by us on the present occasion. The distinctive characters of the 

 sections are as follows : — 



Caprifolium. Plants twining. Flowers in capitate whorls. 

 Xylostcum. Plants twining or erect. Flowers axillary. 



§ i. Caprifolium Dec. 



Identification. Dec. Fl. Fr., 4. p. 270. : Prod., 4. p. 331. 



Synonytnes. Caprifolium Juss. Gen., 212., Room, et Schult. Syst., 5. p. 19. Lonfcera Torr. Fl. Un, 



St., 1. p. 242., but not of Schult. 

 Derivation. From caper, a goat, and folium, a leaf; in reference to the climbing habit of the 



species ; or, as appears much more probable, because goats are fond of browsing on its leaves. 



Sect. Char. Berries solitary, while young 3-celled, but when mature usually 

 1-celled, crowned by the tube of the calyx, which is permanent. Flowers 

 disposed in capitate whorls. Twining shrubs; natives of Europe, the 

 north of Africa, China, Nepal, and North America; all of easy culture, 

 and tolerably hardy, but none of them of long duration. 



A. Flowers ringent. — Qaprifdlium Tourn. Inst., p. 608. 

 i 1. L Pericly'menum L. The Woodbine, or common Honeysuckle. 



Identification. Lin. Sp., p. 247. ; Dec. Prod., 4. p.331. ; Don's Mill., 3. p. 4-15. 



Synonymes. Periclymenum Ger. Emac. p. 891. ; Periclymenum germanicum Riu. Mon. Irr., 1. 122. ; 

 P. hortense Gesn. Icon. Pict., fasc. 1. 38. t. 7. f. 49. ; Caprifolium Periclymenum Rcem. et Scfiult., 

 5. p. 262. ; Caprifolium sylvaticum Lam. Fl. Fr., 3. p. 365. ; Caprifolium Raii Syn., p. 458., Engl. 

 Gard. Cat.,t. 5. ; Woodbind; Chevrefeuille des Bois, Fr. ; wildes gemeines Geissblatt, Ger.; ge- 

 woone Kamperfoelie, Dutch ; Lego Bosco, Ital. ; Madre Eelva, Span. 



Derivation. Periclymenum, from peri, round about, and kulio, to roll. Woodbine is a corruption of 

 Woodbind, and both allude to the habit of the common sort, of winding itself round every tree and 

 shrub within its reach, and binding them together. As Mason observes, this plant 



" Loves to hang on barren boughs remote 

 Her wreaths of flowery perfume." 



In the time of Chaucer, the woodbine was considered as the emblem of true love, from this pro- 

 perty. The name of honeysuckle has reference to the fondness of children for this plant, who amuse 

 themselves with drawing the trumpet-shaped corollas from the calyx, to suck the honey from the 

 nectary. Chevrefeuille and Geissblatt both signify, literally, goat's leaf; and Lego Bosco isbind- 

 wood. The Spanish and Dutch names, Madre Selva, wood mother, and Kamperfoelie, the 

 champion mace, seem to have little relation to the plant. 

 Engravings. Smith Engl. Bot, t. 800. ; Curt. Fl. Lond., fasc. 1. t. 15. ; CEd. Fl. 'Dan., t. 908. ; 

 Schmidt Arb., t. 107. ; Svensk. Bot, t. 140. ; Engl. Gard. Cat., t. 5.; Ger. Emac, p. 891., with a 

 fig. ; Riv. Mon. Irr., t. 122. ; Gesn. Icon. Pict., fasc. 1. 38. t. 7. f. 49. ; 



Spec. Char.,$?c. Branches twining. Leaves all separate, deciduous, some- 

 times downy, glaucous beneath, ovate, obtuse, attenuated at the base ; upper 

 ones the smallest. Heads of flowers all terminal, ovate, imbricated. 

 Flowers ringent. There are varieties of this species with either smooth, 

 pubescent, or variegated leaves ; and, when the plant grows by the seaside, 

 they are occasionally more glaucous and rather succulent. Corollas exter- 

 nally deep red : or, in the earlier-flowering varieties, all over buff-coloured ; in 



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