368 J. E. Duerden — Jamaican Actiniaria •. Part I. — Zoanthece. 



I identify the abundant Jamaican material with Duchassaing and Michelotti's 

 sj>ecies, mainly from the number of tentacles which these authors give, viz., thirty 

 to thirty-two ; these coming nearest to those indicated above. The figure which 

 they give is of a dried specimen with all the polyps withdrawn to their full 

 extent. 



At first I considered it to be Alcyonium ocellatum, Ell. and Sol., obtained 

 along with A. mammillosum by Sloane from Jamaica, there being nothing in the 

 original descriptions and figures which is not met with in the specimens I have 

 examined. M c Murrich has, however (1889, p. 120), appropriated this name for 

 some small colonies from Shelley Bay, Bermudas. He does this upon very slender 

 grounds, this being the name given it by the collector. He has very kindly 

 compared the Jamaican examples with those from the Bermudas, and states 

 that they are quite different, especially in their anatomical characters, although 

 acknowledging that it would seem as if they were the true P. ocellata. Under 

 the circumstances, however, it seems best that M c Murrich's identification should 

 stand, and to allocate Duchassaing and Michelotti's name, with which the material 

 very closely agrees. Andres (1883, p. 323) is evidently acting contrary to these 

 two authors in considering the Hughcea caraibeorum of Duchassaing as a synonym 

 of this species, as, in the "Memoire" (p. 315), they place it in the genus 

 Paractis. 



In a quantity of colonies, it can easily be separated from P. mammittosa, not 

 only by the average number of capitular ridges and tentacles, but by the differences 

 in size of the polyps, those of the present species being smaller and more closely 

 aggregated than the former. Usually the colonies are flatter, and cover larger 

 areas. The polyps generally retract to a greater degree, so that the upper 

 surface of the colony becomes more uniform. 



Sub - family . — Macrocnemin^e . 



Epizoanthus, Gray, 1867. 



Macrocnemic Zoantheae, with a single mesoglceal sphincter muscle. The body- 

 wall is incrusted. The ectoderm is usually continuous, but may be discontinuous ; 

 cell-islets in the mesoglcea. Dioecious. Polyps connected by ccenenchyme, which 

 may be band-like, incrusting, or greatly reduced, as in the free form. 



The genus Epizoanthus is defined as above by Haddon and Shackleton (1891, 

 p. 632) accompanied by a full account of its history. They recognize twelve 



