24 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 



sota, 9 ; Mississippi, 5 ; Missouri, 9 • Montana, 1 ; Nebraska, 3 ; New 

 Hampshire, 7 ; New Jersey, 14 ; New York, 35 ; North Carolina, 4 ; 

 Ohio, 32 ; Oregon, 2; Pennsylvania, 23; Rhode Island, 2; South Caro- 

 lina, 1 ; Tennessee, 3 ; Texas, 3 ; Utah, 5 ; Vermont, 7 ; Virginia, 2 ; 

 Washington, 1 ; West Virginia, 2; Wisconsin, 15. 



The whole number of observers is 352 ; of these 67 are furnished 

 with complete sets of instruments, including barometer, thermometer, 

 psychrometer, and rain gauge ; 331 with thermometers, 137 with ba- 

 rometers, 72 with psychrometers, and 227 with rain gauges, while ten 

 report the face of the sky, direction of the wind, and casual phenomena 

 without instruments. 



The income of the Institution has not been sufficient to furnish in- 

 struments to observers, and hence from many of the stations the re- 

 sults are not strictly comparable with one another. There are, how- 

 ever, in almost every part of the country, one or more stations fur- 

 nished with standard instruments, constructed by James Green, of 

 New York, the observa tions with which may serve to determine the 

 absolute variations of temperature, pressure and moisture at different 

 localities, while the observations from the remainder give results 

 comparable with themselves, and serve to determine the relative 

 character of different seasons, as well as the data necessary for tra- 

 cing the transmission of waves, as it were, of atmospheric disturb- 

 ance with regard to wind, pressure and temperature. 



The Institution has endeavored to collect the records of all meteoro- 

 logical observations which have been made on this continent, and has 

 succeeded in obtaining a large amount of material, which will serve 

 as the basis of an isothermal map of the country, as well as that of 

 the peculiarities of climate of different sections. A portion of this, 

 that, namely, which relates to the mean temperatures of years and sea- 

 sons, was to have been published as the second part of the second 

 volume of " Meteorological Results," issued some years ago by order 

 of Congress, but the pressure of business on the public printing 

 office in consequence of the war has as yet prevented the completion 

 of the work. It will probably be published during the next year, 

 either by Congress or the Institution. 



Another portion of the material relates to long series of observa- 

 tions made at particular places. Of these we may mention the fol- 

 lowing : Those made by Prof. Caswell, at Providence, Rhode Island, 

 for twenty-eight and a half years ; Dr. N. D. Smith, at Washington, 

 Arkansas, for twenty years ; Prof. Cleaveland, at Brunswick, Maine, 

 for fifty-two years ; Dr. S. P. Ilildreth, at Marietta, Ohio, for forty- 



