1895.] D. Pram — Some additional Papaveracere. 305 



t f Stem leaves clasping; plants glabrous and glaucous; 

 (capsules glabrous) : — 

 X Capsules obovate-oblong, sessile ; filaments subu- 

 late ; small plants 6-12 in. high ... ... 7. P. Decaisnei. 



% X Capsules globose, stalked ; filaments dilated up- 

 wards ; tall plants 2-4 feet high ... ... 8. P. somniferum. 



The genus Palaver is hardly an Indian one ; P. somniferum is only known as 

 a cultivated plant while, except in a cultivated form, P. Rhoeas is hardly known 

 in India. P. hybridum is a species widespread in the Mediterranean and Oriental 

 regions ; P. pavoninum, P. turbinatum, P. Decaisnei .are three species common in 

 the Orient (Asia Minor, Syria, Persia, Afghanistan and Beluchistan) : all four 

 species are therefore Indian only because, along its extreme north-west border, the 

 Indian Empire includes a fringe of their natural geographical area. Of the remain- 

 ing two the Alpine species, P. nudicaule, occurs only in the Hindu-Kush and 

 Karakoram and is thus not even truly Himalayan, while the temperate species 

 P. dubium is a mere corn-field weed. Even that is limited to the North-West 

 Himalaya, where it occurs in a form which extends from Southern Russia through 

 all the intermediate countries to the area indicated. 



1. (1.) Papaver nudicaule Linn. Sp. PI. ed. i., i. 507 (1753). 

 Var. rubro-aurantiacum Fiscli. ex BO. Syst. Veg. ii. 70 (1821); 

 Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 2344 (1822) ; BO. Prodr. i., 118 (1824). P. cro- 

 ceum Ledeb., Flor. Altaic, ii. 271 (1830). P. alpinum var. croceum 

 Fisch. 8f Mey. Ind. Sem. in, 44 (1837); Ledeb., Flor. Boss. i., 87 (1842). 

 P. nudicaule var. croceum FTkan, Monogr. Papav. 17 (1839); Walp. 

 Rep. i. Ill (1812). P. nudicaule B. f. 8r T., Flor. Ind. 249 (1855) 

 Boiss.Flor. Orient, i. 107 (1867); B. f. & T. Flor. Brit. Ind. i. 117 

 (1872). 



All the Indian wild specimens are referable to this particular variety which 

 has orange-yellow flowers, dark coloured hairs on the scapes and dark-coloured 

 setae on the capsules. The geographical area of this variety extends from 

 Afghanistan, Northern Kashmir and Western Tibet, through Soongaria and along 

 the Altai range to Mongolia and Northern China. 



A remarkably fine cultivated form of this plant is to be found in gardens in 

 South-Eastern Tibet and in the Chumbi valley. The flowers are sometimes over 

 3 inches in diam. and though occasionally yellow, are usually dark purple and 

 look very much like those of P. Rhceas. Some of the Tibet specimens are partial- 

 ly double-flowered : these were collected in the province of Tsang and communica- 

 ted to Calcutta by the Lama Ujyen Gyatsko. The Chumbi specimens were obtain- 

 ed by one of Dr. King's Lepcha collectors. It is somewhat remarkable that we 

 have never yet succeeded in obtaining seeds of this plant which might be known 

 as P. nudicaule var. grandiflora. Apparently it does not occur in gardens in 

 Sikkim. 



2. (2.) Papaver hybridum Linn. 



3. ( — .) Papaver pavoninum Schrenk ex Fisch. 8f Mey. in En urn. 

 PI. nov, Schrenk 64 (1842) ; leaves pinnatipartifce, segments oblong- 



