1895.] L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin — Butterflies of Sumatra. 393 



on his authority I maintain the species as distinct. In Sumatra Z. nice- 

 villei is rather more common than Z. amethi/stus, Butler, and it occurs at 

 Bekantschan and Selesseh in June and August, and even at Batang 

 Serangan, still nearer the sea; also in Asahan. The female has the 

 macular band on the upperside of the forewing violet-white. 



105. * Zeuxidia luxerii, Hiibner. 



Grose Smith as Amathusia [sic] luxerii. Only known to us from 

 Java, where it is the commonest species in the genus. 



106. Zeuxidia (Amaxidia) aurelius, Cramer. 



Grose Smith as Amathusia [sic] aurelius. Staudinger. Kirby. Dis- 

 tant. This species was originally figured and described by Ci'amerfrom 

 a female obtained on the west coast of Sumatra. Occurs from Selesseh 

 to Bekantschan and even higher in May and September ; is rarer than 

 the other species of the genus. The female often measures six and a 

 half inches across the wings, and is one of the largest-known Bhopalocera 

 in total wing area. The female has the band on the upperside of the 

 forewing white. All Zeuxidias are only met with in large high forest 

 near small streams, on whose borders there are usually some bamboos, 

 on the leaves of which most probably the larva feeds. They fly rapidly 

 but settle often,. but always in a dense mass of branches and stems of 

 bushes, so that they are very difficult to secure. The best way to 

 collect them is to place rotten plantain fruit (pisangs or bananas) along 

 the streams they haunt, to which they will come. The males of all 

 our Zeuxidias are true inhabitants of the forest, and exhibit rich blue 

 colours on the upperside. When settled with closed wings their very 

 great resemblance to dead leaves on the underside makes them very 

 difficult to distinguish amongst the true dead leaves which always and 

 at all seasons strew the forests in the tropics. In South-East Borneo 

 (Bandjermassin) all species of Zeuxidia appear to be far commoner than 

 they are in Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula and Burma. Out of 1,000 

 specimens of butterflies Dr. Martin received from thence, 200 were 

 three species of Zeuxidia. 



107. Amathuxidia dilucida, Honrath. 



Occurs only in high forest in July, and is found up to ih.e elevation 

 of Bekantschan. Very rare, Dr. Martin obtained five specimens only 

 in thirteen years ; one pair from Aer Kesoengei in Asahan. It has the 

 same habits as Zeuxidia, and is difficult to secure. 



108. Amathusia phidippus, Johanssen. 



Grose Smith. Snellen. Semper. Distant. Hagen. It sometimes 



