414 L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin — Butterflies of Stimatra. [No. 3, 



mimic ihe white aberration of D. cJirysippus, (alcipptis, Cramer), which 

 is found in Sumatra, as it does in Africa. H. misippus is very com- 

 mon in Sumatra, and abounds in open places, on roads, near houses, 

 and especially in newly -cut tobacco fields, where after tlie tobacco is 

 cut down and removed there springs up a rich growth of low plants. 

 Not found at a greater elevation than Bekantschan. Has a wide 

 range, from Northern Australia and New Guinea on the one hand, 

 to Florida in the United States of America on the other. Dr. Martin 

 notes that not knowing the species in Europe and on first arrival in 

 Sumatra he would not believe his European assistant when he brought 

 both sexes and said they were male and female of one species. Dr. 

 Martin dismissed him with an incredulous smile, but the next day he 

 caught a couple paired, and then knew better. 



183. Argynnis niphe, Linnaeus. 



Snellen. Grose Smith. Hagen. Staudinger. Semper. Occurs 

 only on the Central Plateau, where in some years it is found in large 

 numbers and where Dr. Hagen captured it. Dr. Martin caught a single 

 male specimen at Toentoengan in Deli in September, 1888, to which 

 place this mountaineer may have been carried by a high wind. Su- 

 matran specimens are never as large as those from Northern India, but 

 are usually larger than the Javan form (A. javanica, Oberthur), which 

 has a richer and darker coloration than the Sumatran form. The 

 female is rarer than the male, native collectors bring it in the pro- 

 portion of one to five. (For notes on this species see de Niceville, 

 Jo urn. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. viii, p. 153 (1893). 



184. DicnoRKHAGiA NESiMAcnus, Boisduval. 



Hagen. Semper. Formerly by no means a rare insect in Deli 

 and Langhat before the clearing of the forest, and occurred at low 

 elevations, not higher than Bekantschan. Dr. Hagen before 1882 

 found it common in Serdang, whereas Dr. Martin, who commenced 

 to collect in that year, obtained his first specimen in 1887 near a small 

 river at Soengei Beras, where a small piece of forest was left. Later 

 it was found to be more plentiful at Selesseh, also south of Namoe Oekor, 

 and in Padang Bedagei ; the Gayoe collectors again brought it in large 

 numbers, collected in the forests on the way to their homes in the 

 mountains. It is fond of settling on forest roads with wings only 

 half open, and has a very rapid flight as its robust structure shews. 



185. Parthemos gambrisius, Fabricins. 



Hagen. "Wallace. All the species of this genus have a very beauti- 

 ful and characteristic flight, unlike any other butterfly known to me. 



