1895.] L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin — Butterflies of Sumatra. 419 



Batoe, 3,000 feet., and even higher. It is easily recognised by the fine 

 white lines before and beyond the large white spot at the end of the 

 discoidal cell of the forewing. 



399. Athyma amhara, Druce. 



Limenitis selenophora, Snellen (nee Kollar), Midden- Sumatra, Lepidoptera, p. 15, 

 n. 1, pi. i, figs. 4, 5, male (1892). 



Snellen as selenophora. Is a local race of A. selenophora, Kollar, 

 that species occurring in the Himalayas, Bhutan, Assam, Tavoy in 

 Burma, and Java. The present species is found in the Malay Penin- 

 sula, Sumatra, and Borneo. The male differs only from A. selenophora 

 in having a submarginal or outer-discal pure white macular instead 

 of a very obscure pale fuscous fascia on the upperside of the hind- 

 wing. The females of the two species are indistinguishable. It is the 

 commonest species of Athyma of the higher mountains and the Central 

 Plateau, especially plentiful in December and January ; found also in 

 Indragiri. 



200. Athyma sobrata, Moore. 



Grose Smith as subrata and nefte. Hagen as nefte. Staudinger as 

 nefte. Distant. We have here to do with a very interesting group of 

 species. In Sikhim, Bhutan, Assam and South India the male is much 

 marked on the upperside with yellow, and is the A. inara of Doubleday 

 and Hewitson (= inarina, Butler). This species gradually merges in 

 Burma into A. asita, Moore, specimens absolutely intermediate between 

 A. asita and A. inara occurring. Further south in the Malay Peninsula, 

 Sumatra, Nias, and Borneo A. subrata{ = nivifera, Butler), occurs. The 

 characters given by Butler to distinguish it from A. nefte, Cramer, hold 

 good, so it may be accepted as a good local race. In Java A. nefte 

 alone occurs. A. rufula, de Niceville, from the Andaman Isles, and 

 A. glora, Kheil, from Nias, are distinct species. A. inara and A. asita 

 have one female only, which is yellow. A. subrata has two females, 

 the one is yellow, the other is brown. It was described from the brown 

 form of female, its male is the A. nivifera of Butler. A. nefte is also 

 dimorphic, one form being yellow the other brown. The two females 

 of A. subrata and the two of A. nefte cannot be distinguished, the males 

 alone are different, and the species are kept distinct by me on the 

 male sex alone. A. rufula appears to have only one form of female. 

 As neted above, this is a common species of the plains, not occurring 

 higher than Namoe Oekor. The males are found on forest roads, the 

 females inside the forest, of which latter the brown form is less rare 

 than the yellow. The brown form almost certainly mimics Neptis 

 vikasi, Horsfield, but there is no large yellow Neptis in our area that the 

 J. ii. 53 



