1895.] L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin — Butterflies of Sumatra. 479 



476. Ticherra acte, Moore. 



Common from Namoe Oekor to the Central Platean throughout the 

 year. 



477. Cheritra freja, Fabricius. 



Hagen as freya [sic]. Grose Smith. Still commoner than the 

 foregoing species, and occurs in forest only over the whole of our area. 



478. Ritra aurea, Druce. 



B. aurea, de Niceville, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. x, p. , n. 30, pi. T 

 fig. 45, female (1896). 



Found in large forest near Selesseh, Namoe Oekor, and from Ban- 

 dar Kwala in Serdang in March, April, May and June. The female 

 is much rarer, and lacks on the upperside the splendid orange gloss on 

 both wings. The silky " male-mark " of this species closely resembles 

 that organ in Biduanda cinesioides, de Niceville, No. 486 below. 



479. Horaga halba, Distant. 



Originally described from Penang. It occurs from Selesseh to 

 Bekantschan, and in the months of March, July and October. Very 

 rare, as Dr. Martin has not obtained more than four specimens in thir- 

 teen years. 



480. Catap(ecilma elegans, Druce. 



Grose Smith. Hagen. Common throughout the year over the 

 whole of our area with the exception of the higher elevations, and found 

 not only in forests, but also near roads, and settled on small bushes. 

 Dr. Martin has never seen this butterfly on the wing in the morning, it 

 appears very late in the day, at one or two o'clock p. m. The males are 

 very fond of fighting, but return always with great exactitude to the 

 leaf from which they started to do battle with the foe, which is usually 

 another male of the same species. 



481. Semanga superba, Druce. 



Habitat : Borneo (Druce) ; Malacca, Malay Peninsula (Distant) ; 

 N.-E. Sumatra. 



Expanse: cf, l'l inches. 



Description : Male. Upperside, both zvings differ from those of 

 the female only in having the purple area considerably larger, more 

 shining and richer in shade. Forewing with the apex more acute and 

 the outer margin more convex than in the female. Hindwing lacks the 



