510 L. cle Niceville & Dr. L. Martin — Butterflies of Sumatra. [No. 3, 



overlook a large stretch of jungle. All Troides are early risers, and 

 are already out at 7 o'clock in the morning ; in the hottest hours of the 

 day they are rarely seen, but appear again late in the evening at 5 

 or 6 o'clock, when with the exception of some Satyrinse, Amathusiinge 

 and Hesperiidse all other butterflies have gone to rest long ago. 

 Mr. Walter Rothschild refers to the Malay Peninsula local race as 

 T. brookianus albescens. 



572. Papilio (Menelaides) antiphus, Fabricius. 



P. antiphus, Hagen, Iris, vol. vii, p. 20, n. 12, pi. i, fig. 1, larva (1894). 



Grose Smith. Snellen as anthipus [sic]. Hagen. Staudiuger. In 

 Trans. Linn. Soc. Loud., first series, vol. xxv, p. 20 (J 865), Dr. Wallace 

 records P. diphilus, Esper, = P. aristolochiee, Fabricius, from Sumatra, 



ut this probably in error, as on page 43, n. 26 (I. c.) he omits Sumatra 

 from the habitat of the species. It is not a little remarkable I think 

 that P. diphilus should occur commonly in the Malay Peninsula and Java, 

 between which Sumatra lies, but not in Sumatra itself, it being replaced 

 by the present species. In Java both P. diphilus and P. autiphus are 

 found. In Sumatra P. antiphus flies in the plains throughout the 

 year and quite near the sea, is common at Laboean and Terdjoen, but 

 certainly not much higher than Namoe Oekor. It is seen on roads, in 

 gardens and orchards, near rivers, is plentiful on the above-mentioned 

 Veronica-Yike blue flower, but not in large forest. It flies slowly and 

 sails near the gi'ound, and is the most common Papilio of Sumatra next 

 to P. polytes, Linnaeus. The larva is velvety black, with numerous black 

 red-tipped fleshy tubercles or processes, the sixth segment is milky- 

 whito much as in P. erebus, Wallace. It feeds according to Dr. Hagen 

 on the same Piperacea as P. erebus, Wallace, but Dr. Martin has also 

 bred it on the common Arisioloehia iiidica, Linnaeus, and notes that the 

 full-fed caterpillar feeding on the latter plant is reddish-brown through- 

 out without the milky-white saddle-mark on the sixth segment. The 

 pupa is brown, with blunt notches aud protuberances. This larva, 

 like that of Troides amphrysus, Cramer, eats not only the leaves but 



also the stalks of the food-plant. Rothschild does not consider 

 P. antiphus to be a species distinct from P. aristolochise, but records it 



from Sumatra as (</), P. aristolochise autiphus, Fabricius. 



573. *Papilio (Menelaides) COON, Fabricius. 



Grose Smith. Wallace. Distant. There are typical specimens of 

 P. coon in Dr. Staudinger's collection from Padang in Western Sumatra, 

 though the locality is somewhat doubtful, as the specimens may have 

 been obtained from old collections with wrong labels given by dealers. 

 It occurs also in Java aud Borneo. 



