516 L. de NiceVille & Dr. L. Mai'tin — Butterflies of Sumatra. [No. 3, 



of the forewing beyond the discoidal cell towards tlie apex not whitish, 

 but nearly as dark as in the male, but of a somewhat duller shade. 

 Hindwing has the abdominal margin on the upperside yellow. The 

 posterior moiety of the abdomen rich chrome-yellow. 



III. Tailless ; forewing with a red epaulette ; the disc of the 

 forewing beyond the discoidal cell towards the apex whitish as in 

 Form I. Hindwing on the upperside with a large outer discal wliite 

 area, bearing a series of seven submarginal rounded black spots, of 

 which the four posterior ones are somewhat cuneiform in sliape, and 

 are surrounded by the white area, the abdominal margin yellow as in 

 Form II. Abdomen as in Form II. 



IV. Tailed ; the tails shew much variety, being sometimes spatu- 

 late, sometimes simple and straight without any apical swelling; fore- 

 wing with a red epaulette. Hindwing on the upperside with a large 

 discal white area consisting of eight spots, and filling the discoidal cell 

 all except the base ; the abdominal margin being yellow. Abdomen 

 entirely yellow except for a dorsal median black streak. 



Forms I and II are common, III is rather rare, IV is very rare, 

 Dr. Martin obtaining seven specimens only. Dr. Martin has frequently 

 bred it, and has obtained all four forms of the female from eggs laid by 

 one mother. Four eggs deposited by a tailed female (Form IV), did not 

 Yield a single tailed descendant like herself. The larva is green with 

 some whitish lateral streaks and bluish markings. The pupa is sus- 

 pended on the leaves or stalks of its food-plant, Citrus limonrllus, Hassk., 

 and Citrus decuman a 7 Linnaeus, it is green with the upperside yellow : if 

 suspended on wood it is greyish-brown of the same shade as the wood. 

 On one occasion a larva suspended itself on a common blue, white, and 

 red tin of Huntley and Palmer's biscuits, and this pupa was very bright, 

 and exhibited some blue and red tints. After 14-J5 days the imago 

 emerges, on one occasion during a most unusual spell of dry weather, 

 one specimen remained 43 days in the pupa stage. This example was a 

 very fine and Large tailed Form IV female, but all the other tailed 

 females bred by Dr. Mai tin emerged as usual in about a fortnight. 

 1'. memnon is common throughout the year in the plains, not higher 

 than Bekantsthan, in gardens and orchards, near houses and villages 

 eveiwwhere where species of Citrus grow. It is most plentiful in March. 

 The male has a quick, listless, undulating flight, it frequents flowers, 

 but never goes to wet spots on roads, and is mostly busy in search of 

 the female through the orange and lime thickets round the Malay 

 villages. The female has a slower, more sailing flight, and is often 

 to be seen on lime trees depositing her round green eggs one at a time 

 on young shoots. The full-fed larva from Java has been fgured by 



