1895.] L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin— Butterflies of Sumatra. 523 



595. Papilio {Achillides) karna, Felder. 



P. {Achillides) discordia, de NiceVille, Joarn. Bomb. Nat. Hisfc. Soc, vol. vii, 

 p. 343, n. 17, pi. I, fig- 2, male (1892). 



Hacen. as karna. When describing this distinct species I over- 

 looked P. Jcama, Pelder, described from Java, as Mr. Kirby had placed 

 it in his Sjnonomic Catalogue as a " var." of P. arjuna, Horsfield, 

 instead of admitting its undoubtedly valid specific rank as he should 

 have done. It is very rare, and occurs on the western boundary of 

 our area in the Gayoe territory, from -whence in thirteen years Dr. Martin 

 obtained only ten specimens in the months of January and May. This 

 fine species is much larger than P. arjuna. Mr. Rothschild considers 

 P. Jcama to be a sub-species only of P. arjuna, and records it from 

 Sumatra as (6), P. arjuna karna, Felder. 



596. Papilio (Harimala) palinurus, Fabricius. 



Grose Smith as 'palinurus and brama. Hagen as palinurus and 

 brama. Wallace as brama. Butler as brama. Distant as brama. 

 Kirby as palinurus, De Haan {nee Fabricius). No author as far as 

 I am aware has ventured to point out how P. palinurus, Fabricius, 

 and P. dsedalus, Felder, are supposed to differ. Dr. Wallace in his 

 paper on the Papilionidse of the Malayan Region keeps P. brama, 

 Guerin, described from the Malayan Coast, and P. dsedalus distinct, but 

 does not mention P. paliniorus at all. The latter was described by 

 Fabricius from Tranquebar. P. palinurus is found in Burma, the 

 Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Philippine Isles, P. dsedalus 

 in the Philippines. A closely allied species is P. crino, Fabricius, 

 erroneously described from Africa, but found from Northern India to 

 Ceylon. I hare a good series of P. palinurus from all the localities 

 above named, and can find no single character by which to separate 

 them. The exact position of the discal green band on the upperside 

 of the hind wing seems to be inconstant, in some specimens it reaches 

 well into the discoidal cell, in others it is bounded by the disco-cellular 

 nervules. In Sumatra P. palinurus is found in the plains only of Deli 

 and Langkat, occurring throughout the year, and is decidedly rare, but 

 is somewhat commoner in Serdang. It flies in the forest and settles 

 on wet spots on forest roads. It is fond of flowers, Ixora, Lantana, 

 &c, goes to gardens, and is very shy and quick on the wing. It is 

 not protected against birds, as Dr. Martin has often picked up wiugs 

 without body. 



597. Papilio (Meandrusa) pateni, Boisduval. 



Grose Smith. Hagen. P. evan, Doubleday, from N.-E. India, is a 

 J. ii 66 



