524 L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin— Butterflies of Sumatra. [No. 3, 



local race of P. payeni, Boisduval, from which it differs chiefly in being 

 larger. P. payeni was originally described from Java. Rare at high 

 elevations, not below 2,000 feet in the Battak and Gayoe mountains in 

 March and September. Only five specimens obtained in thirteen years. 

 Rothschild records it from Sumatra and Borneo as (&), P. payeni brnnei, 

 Fruhstorfer, Ent. Nach., vol. xx, p. 300 (1894), originally described from 

 Brunei, North Borneo. 



598. Papilio (Pathysa) Antiphates, Cramer. 



P. itam-puti, Butler, Nat. Wand, in East. Arch., p. 276 (1885). 



Snellen. Hagen as antiphates; and antiphates, var. pompilius. 

 Wallace as antiphates, local form a, Podalirius pompilius, Svvainson. 

 Distant as antiphates, var. pompilius. This is a very variable species 

 wherever it occurs, and as the variations found do not appear to be res- 

 tricted to geographical areas, it does not seem possible to break up the 

 parent species described from China into local races. It is common over 

 the whole of our area, in and near forest, and throughout the year, but 

 most abundant in March. The males come in crowds to wet spots on 

 roads, and settle among a number of Pierinse, where they evidently 

 feel protected as they also have white wings ; when on the wing they 

 look like a " White," as their long tails when flying rapidly can hardly 

 be seen. The females are only caught in the forest as they do not come 

 to roads. Heer M. C. Piepers has bred it in Java, and has figured the 

 larva in Tijd. voor Eut., vol. xxxi, p. 349, pi. viii, fig. 4 (1888). Roths- 

 child records the typical race of P. antiphates from Eastern China; the 

 Sumatran form as a subspecies, (6), P. antiphates alcibiades, Fabricius ; 

 with an aberration which " Seems to be the usual form in Sumatra, but 

 occurs also in other localities," as (c 8 ), ab. itamputi, Butler. 



599. Papilio (Pathysa) insdlaris, Staudinger. 



P. agetes, Westwood, var. insularis, Staudinger, Iris, vol. vii, p. 349 (1895). 

 Hagen as agetes. Staudinger as agetes, var. insular is. This species 

 was described from Sumatra interior, and the Kina Balu mountain iu 

 Borneo. 1 allow it specific rank with some misgivings. The Hima- 

 layan, Assamese, and Burmese forms (true P. agetes) have the second 

 bund from the base of the fore wing ending at the submediau nervure, 

 in the Malayan Peninsula form it ends in the middle of the submedian 

 interspace [vile Distant's figure in Rhop. Malay., pi. xlii, fig. 8), in 

 Sumatran specimens the band is the shortest of all, and ends on the 

 median nervure. All the markings in the Malay Peninsula aud Sumatra 

 specimens are darker than in the typical Indian form. But all three 

 forms evidently grade almost imperceptibly the one into the other. 



