526 L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin — Butterflies of Sumatra. [No. 3, 



[P. jason and P. evemoii] are absolutely identical, except that the 

 red spot at the base of the hind wing on the underside, iu P. jason, 

 Esper, is constantly absent in P. evemoii, Boisduval." Rothschild gives 

 P. evemon full specific rank. 



605. Papilio (Zetides) bathycles, Zinken-S'ommer. 



Grose Smith. Hagen. Rothschild records the typical form from 

 Java, and " Most probably also in South- West Sumatra," and the 

 ordinary Snmatran form as (b), P. bathycles bathycloides, Honrath. 

 These four last mentioned species are all inhabitants of the plains,, 

 where' they occur throughout the year in and near forest, the males 

 often settled in dozens on wet spots on roads. They are all quick and 

 strong on the wing, but not quite as fast-flying as P. sarpedon, Linnaaus.. 

 If chased away from their favourite spots they behave very like species; 

 of Catopsilia, and hurry up and down the forest roads in Indian file. 

 P. mecisteus, Distant, and P. bathycles are somewhat the rarer, the 

 latter is also found at higher elevations than the others, to the south of 

 Bekantscbaa. 



606. Papilio (Dalchina) sarpedon, Linnaeus. 



Snellen. Hagen. Grose Smith. Wallace. Distant. Common 

 all over our area, from the plains to a high elevation throughout the 

 year on forest roads. The males sit often six or eight together on a 

 wet spot on the road. It has a very strong, quick, and jerking flight.. 

 I have figured and described a highly melanic aberration of this species, 

 from Sumatra in J'ourn. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. viii, p. 54, n. J4, 

 pi. L, fig. 11, male (1893). Heer M. C. Piepers has bred it in Java, and 

 has figured the two final stages of the larva in Tijd. voor Ent., vol. 

 xxxi, p. 346, pi. vii, figs. 8, 9 (18SS). Rothschild records the typical 

 form of the species from Sumatra. 



607. Papilio (Dalchina) cloaxthus, Westwood. 



Snellen. Hagen as cloanthus, var. sumatrana, Hagen. Rothschild 

 records it from Sumatra as (c), P. cloanthus sumatramis, Hagen. The 

 Sumatran form is slightly more melanic than the typical form from 

 North India and Assam, that is to say, the black areas in the forewing 

 are somewhat larger, thereby reducing the bluish-green markings some- 

 what. It is almost doubtful if Sumatran specimens could be correctly 

 sorted out from Indian ones if the labels from both were removed and 

 the specimens mixed up. The Western and Central Chinese form, 

 P. cloanthus, var. clymenns, Leech, is a good local race, and can be dis- 

 tinguished at a glance. Iu Sumatra P. cloanthus is found on the Central 



