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small sharks and angel fish (ffliina). Besides, the special nets 

 which form the Tonnare belong to this division. Trawling-nets 

 are much used and of many varieties. I may mention as more 

 generally in use the following: — Ta>tana, Tartanone, Tratta, 

 Sciàbica, Sciabichila, Bragagna, Goccia, Pezzuola, Mazzonara, 

 Agugliara; they principally differ in size and in the manner they 

 are worked. Some are drawn by hand in shore, others by a 

 single boat, others by two boats sailing. To this division may 

 be added the Bilancia, Retequadra, and Giacchio or throving net. 

 Lines and hooks are also much in use, and often very complex 

 concerns, having different names according to the number of 

 hooks, their size, &c; the best known go by the names of 

 Filaccioni, used along the coast, and Palamiti òr Palangrese, 

 used in deep-sea fisheries. Traps of different sorts are used for 

 large Crustacea, especially lobsters, and go under the generic 

 term of Nasse. Harpoons (Fiocine) of different shapes are also 

 in use, especially for capturing the sword-fish, chrysophrys, &c. , 

 and in the curious nocturnal lampadara-fishery. Special imple- 

 ments are employed for the capture of mollusca and shellfish 

 and for dredging precious coral. Illegal modes of capturing fish 

 are besides but too often resorted to: thus dynamite (torpedini), 

 cocculus and the mela terragna (Cyclamen), are used in the 

 capture of rock-loving fish, with the Chiusarana along the Nea- 

 politan coasts. — 4, Marine Animals. —These will be classed sy- 

 stematically. — a. Seals and Whales. These do not afford any 

 special fishery in the Italian Seas. The Mediterranean seal 

 (Pelagius monachus), found also along the S.E. shores of the 

 Adriatic, is by no means common and rarely captured; they are 

 mostly taken alive with nets placed at the entrance of the grot- 

 toes they are known to frequent, and sold to showmen, who 

 exhibit them alive. True whales are of very rare occurrence, 

 only one authentic capture cf the all but extinct Basque whales 

 (Balana biscayensis) is on record, and took place at Taranto on 

 the 9th of February, 1877; one instance of the capture of Ba- 

 Icenoptcra rostrata is also known, near Villafranca, in February, 

 1878. Rarely, too, has the fin-backed whale (B. musculus) been 

 caught or stranded. Sperm whales (Physeler macrocephalus) have 

 occurred now and then in both seas, and occasional specimens 



