76 AN INTERESTING GEOLOGICAL LOCALITY. 



VanDuser's iron mine is four miles southwest from 

 Cornwall landing, one quarter of a mile westerly from, 

 the Cornwall station on the railroad above mentioned, 

 and a half mile from Pine Hill. In this position there is 

 a low northeast and southwest ridge, about ninety feet 

 high above the valley, — called Cold Hill. Its eastern 

 flank, and most of its summit, consists of reddish rock, 

 coarse red and white conglomerates interstratified with 

 fine grained red sandstones and shales ; the strike is N. 

 11° E. to 15° E. (true) and the dip about 75° westerly, or 

 in places more nearly vertical. 



The western portion of the summit and the west side 

 of the hill is limestone in well marked beds, cropping 

 out along a line extending at least one thousand feet in 

 length and exhibited on each side of the road which here 

 crosses the ridge. At about eight hundred feet south of 

 this cross-road, the whole hill, as it lowers, becomes a 

 mass of intensely red shale. Under the drift which is 

 heaped up against the western side of this ridge, south 

 of the cross-road, and which extends down into the val 

 ley to the west, are the beds of hematite ore. The most 

 conspicuous and complete exhibition of the limestone 

 strata and their fossils is at a small quarry about four 

 hundred feet south of the cross-road, on the west side of 

 the hill a little below its summit. Here the limestone 

 has a strike of N. 19° E. (true) and a dip of 85° westerly. 

 Catskill shaly fossils may also be found in abundance 

 in the small out-crops on the west slope to the north of 

 the road. This road is the one which passes from the 

 railroad station directly towards and over the Cold Hill 

 ridge. 



This locality has in former years been observed and 

 reported by Dr. William Horton, Prof. H. D. Rogers, 

 and Prof. W. W. Mather. Dr. Horton made a more 

 thorough examination of that region than was made by 

 any one, unless in recent years. His observations are. 



28 



