298 Messrs. B. Silliman andR. Wurtz on Flame Temperatures. 



Table V. 





Weights of water 



Weights of water 



First column 



Second column 





equally heated 



equally heated 



reduced to 



reduced to 





below boiling, 



above boiling, 



New Haven 



New Haven 





by equal volumes. 



by equal volumes. 



gas = 100. 



gaa = 100. 



Anthracite gas 



3100 



2823 



1042 



109-2 



Substratum of the New 



I 2917 



2581 



98-1 



99-6 



Haven street gas 



J 









Substratum of the Fair 



1 









Haven hydrocarbon 



I 2962 



2640 



99-6 



1020 



gas 



J 









New Haven gas, with 



1 









the illuminants as- 



y 2974 



2592 



100-0 



1000 



sumed = olefiant . . . 



J 









Fair Haven gas, with 



1 









the illuminants as- 



V 2959 



2647 



99-5 



1021 



sumed = olefiant . . . 



J 









Conclusions. 



Some of the practical conclusions to which we are of necessity 

 compelled by the results of the above investigations are some- 

 what remarkable, so that we feel diffident regarding them. It 

 is, however, always safe to follow the leading of Truth, however 

 astray she may conduct us from our preconceived notions. 



From Table II. it is apparent — 



1. That, of all known gases, the highest calorific effects, under 

 ordinary atmospheric conditions, are obtainable from carbonic 

 oxide, whose calorific value, above 100° C, is about 3000° C. 



2. That in absolute calorific value, below 100° C, in the atmo- 

 spheric medium, hydrogen surpasses its volume of any other gas, 

 giving a temperature of about 3200° C. 



3. That for all modes of application (that is, for producing 

 both high and low temperatures) the total maximum calorific 

 effectiveness of carbonic oxide is a constant quantity*. 



4. Compound condensed submultiple volumes of hydrogen, 

 like that in marsh-gas, have much less total calorific value in air 

 than their volume of free hydrogen. 



5. Condensed compound submultiple volumes of gaseous car- 

 bon, like that in olefiant gas, have no greater total calorific value 

 in air below 100° C. than their own volume of carbon-gas in the 

 form of carbonic oxide, while above 100° C. their value is even 

 considerably less. 



* Metallurgists especially will appreciate the suggestive import of the 

 truths presented under the first and third heads, here enunciated, as we 

 think, for the first time. It is to be noted that all the above effects belong 

 to the maximum, kind, and, of course, reach their development only under 

 the most favourable conditions hi each case respectively. 



