NO. I FORAMINIFERA IN LONG ISLAND SOUND BUZAS 9 



These species are: 1, Elphidium clavatum; 2, Buccella frigida; and 

 3, Eggerella advena. In the pair 59-59' Elphidium tisburyense was 

 substituted for the missing Eggerella advena. Table 1 shows the 

 results of the calculations for the living and total populations of the 

 three abundant species in the 12 sample pairs. Even though only 

 the most abundant species were used in the calculation of chi-square, 

 in some sample pairs the expected frequency in a given cell was less 

 than two. In these cases, the species with the low expected value 

 was deleted from the calculation of chi-square. In the living popula- 

 tions of the sample pairs 102-102', 106-106', and 108-108' two of the 

 three abundant species have expected frequencies of less than two 

 and therefore chi-square was not calculated in these instances. The 

 degrees of freedom for chi-square when three species are used in its 

 calculation is two; when two species are used, it is one. The 95- 

 percent level was chosen as significant. A significant value of chi- 

 square indicates the samples are not homogeneous. 



Looking at the results we do not find a significant value of chi- 

 square for the living population in six of the nine sample pairs tested. 

 The sample pairs 10-10', and 24-24' give a significant value of chi- 

 square. The pair 14-14' was a near-shore grab, and other near-shore 

 grabs (not shown in table 1 ) taken a week apart also indicate a wide 

 degree of fluctuation. The pairs 10-10' and 24-24' are actually 

 from the same area sampled at different times. This station (18 m. 

 depth) is located in a transition zone between the clearly near-shore 

 and offshore faunal assemblages. The pair 59-59' is a near-shore 

 core which did not give a significant value of chi-square. The pair 

 125-125', however, is a grab from the center of L.I.S. and it also 

 did not give a significant chi-square value. The effect of sampling 

 method, therefore, is not clear, although for reasons already discussed 

 an undisturbed sample from a core is certainly more desirable. In 

 general, we may conclude that in the living population the proportions 

 of the species investigated are homogeneous in the sample pairs from 

 the offshore area. 



In the total population 7 of the 12 sample pairs yielded a signifi- 

 cant chi-square value. They are the pairs 10-10', 14-14', 24-24', 

 102-102', 108-108', 125-125', and 129-129'. Curiously, the pair 

 102-102' is from the same station (sampled at still another time) as 

 the pairs 10-10' and 24-24'. We may conclude that in the total pop- 

 ulation the proportions of the three species investigated are homo- 

 geneous in four of the seven sample pairs from the offshore area. 



