NO. 5 THE YELLOW-RUMPED MANAGER — MOYNIHAN 



17 



Fia. 4. — Postures of adult male yellow-rumped and orange-rumped tanagers. 

 From top to bottom : 



a. Peculiar posture assumed by a captive male yellow-rumped tanager, kept 

 in an aviary with a female of the same species, during a dispute with another 

 male of the same species introduced into the same aviary. This appeared to be 

 a preflight posture (the upward pointing of the head and bill being an 

 intention movement of flying upward, not an indication of the ritualized Bill- 

 up Tail-up). It was combined with Crown-flattening and extreme Back- 

 ruffling, and accompanied by Thin Rattle — Hoarse Flourish calls. 



b. "Fluffed Hunched" posture assumed by the introduced male during the 

 same dispute. With a trace of Crown-flattening, slight Back-ruffling, and 

 extreme Belly-fluffing. Silent. 



c Side and rear views of typical "angular" Head-ruffling by yellow-rumped 

 tanagers. 



d. Preflight, crouching, posture of a male orange-rumped tanager, with 

 extreme "rounded" Head-ruffling. 



