424 Electric Conducting-power of the Chlorides of the Alkalies, fyc, 



now defined. At the same time it is immaterial for a whether 

 the solution be reckoned in parts by weight (as is done here), or 

 (as is more rational according to the definition of the conduct- 

 ing-power) by volume, since for dilute solutions the volume is 

 equivalent to the weight. Also the quantity b, which denotes 

 the initial deviation from proportionality, has a definite signifi- 

 cation for each salt. 



Only the results for 18° shall here be given, as their form for 

 the other temperatures is very similar. They are : — • 



NaCl . . *=0-000138|>-0-00(>6025p* 



KC1 . . £ = 0-000131 p-00000004jo 2 



LiCl . . * = 0-000160jp -0-0000046^ 



NH 4 C1 . £=0-000177p-0-0000011jo 2 



CaCJ 2 . . &=0'000134jo-0-0000027/r J 



MgCl 2 . . £=0 000150^-0-0000045/ 



BaCl 2 . . £=0-000077^ -0-0000008^ 2 



SrCl 2 . . A=0-000098j?-0-0000015p 8 



HN0 3 . . &=0-000534 i ?-0-0000101jt> 2 . 



According to this, the total character of each curve already 

 shows itself while the content is yet very small : those substances 

 which have a maximum of k at a definite degree of concentration, 

 are distinguished by a relatively high value of b. (It may there- 

 fore be conjectured that LiCl also will show a maximum.) 



If now we seek to connect the specific conducting-power a 

 with other physical properties of the substances dissolved, we 

 readily perceive that for the chlorides the quantities a stand 

 . nearly in the inverse order in a series to that of the equivalent- 

 weights A of the anhydrous salts — indeed so that, with equal 

 amounts of chlorine in solution, the conducting-power of dilute 

 solutions is not very different. Still the deviations of the pro- 

 ducts A . efrom their mean amount to as much as 22 per cent. 

 {Vide infra.) 



On the other hand, another accordance of an arrangement is 

 self-evident — namely, according to the specific gravities s of the 

 anhydrous salts. The products s . a are, for the chlorides of the 

 . alkalies and alkaline earths, constant quantities, the greatest devia- 

 tion from the mean being 12 per cent. Although this deviation 

 is not inconsiderable, yet so simple a relation is deserving of 

 notice. If it were rigorously exact, it would signify that equal 

 volumes of anhydrous salts in solutions imply equal conducting- 

 powers. 



In the following Table the salts are placed in the order of 

 their conducting-powers a, and together with their equivalent- 

 weights A and specific gravities s. For the latter I am indebted 



