168 Dr. How on the Mineralogy of Nova Scotia. 



sions of which have not, so far as T know, been fully made out, 

 but which have afforded many tons of good ore. The whole 

 thickness of the limestone holding manganese is estimated at 

 about 300 feet. 



The minerals associated with pyrolusite atTeny Cape are iron 

 ore (brown hematite, I believe), barytes, and calcite. The first 

 of these is occasionally found at the line of junction of the ore 

 and rock, which, as before mentioned, is sometimes red. The 

 barytes is of pure-white colour, is often disseminated in vary- 

 ing quantity through the pyrolusite, and is probably con- 

 stantly present in all but the pure crystals of the species. The 

 calcite is also occasionally imbedded, in transparent crystals> but 

 more often exists as an incrustation • it sometimes forms speci- 

 mens of great beauty, when it lies in opake snow-white mammil- 

 lary masses of finely-crystalline structure, Or in piles of nail- 

 head crystals, half an inch or an inch across, of grey or snow- 

 white colour, on black lustrous masses of well-crystallized py- 

 rolusite. 



The pyrolusite found at Walton is sometimes attached to 

 brown hematite in a reddish limestone resembling that at Teny 

 Cape. 



The forms of the mineral are various. It is generally highly 

 crystalline. The masses at Teny Cape are sometimes of a grey 

 black and consist of closely-packed fine long fibres, sometimes 

 are made up of bunches of stellated short crystals, and often of 

 distinct and lustrous jet-black crystals with perfect terminations : 

 all these varieties yield readily to the knife. The Pictou ore 

 (found at a distance of about seventy miles) is coarsely fibrous. 

 The greater part of that from Walton is in soft, black, lustrous, 

 short crystals ; one specimen, however, has been met with almost 

 crypto- crystalline in structure and of bluish -grey colour, closely 

 resembling the ore from Saxony. A very similar specimen from 

 Amherst, Cumberland Co., forty miles from Walton, gave on ana- 

 lysis in the air-dry state, 



Water 0'61 



Binoxide of manganese . 97*04 

 Gangue and loss . . . 2*35 



100*00 



The insoluble matter (gangue) was brownish white, and most 

 probably consisted of barytes. 



I have no doubt that specimens of the greatest possible purity 

 could be selected at Teny Cape. I have examined a good many 

 samples of dressed ores, and have commonly found from 80 to 

 93 per cent, binoxide ; a specimen obtained at a depth of 50 



