106 Mr. G. F. Rodwell on some Effects 



various positions of the tube D are shown; S represents the 

 horizontal limb of the tube B. 



1. Tube delivering the steam-jet inclined to the tube S at an 



angle of 22°*5. (A, fig. 5.) 



Tube full of water. (Steam impinging on water-surface.) 

 Mean of twenty-one determinations, eight of which gave 



3*5 cub. centims., and seven of the remainder 3*25 



cub. centims., =3*34 cub. centims. 

 Tube empty. (Steam impinging on air-surface.) 

 No water was removed. 



2. Angle of 45°. (B, fig. 5.) cub. centims. 



Tube full. Mean of fifteen determinations = 9*73 

 Tube empty. „ „ „ =8*11 



3. Angle of 67°*5. (C, fig. 5.) 



Tube full. Mean of nine determinations = 12*52 

 Tube empty. „ eight „ = 8*66 



4. Angle of 90°. (D, fig. 5.) 



Tube full. Mean of nine determinations^] 



varying between 13 and 13* 75 >= 13*32 

 cub. centims. J 



Tube empty. Mean of eight determinations = 10*09 



5. Angle of 112°*5. (E, fig. 5.) 



Tube full. The water was forced back into A (fig. 4). 

 Tube empty. The air in B was depressed below the water- 

 surface in A (fig. 4) . 



6. When the tube delivering the jet of steam was placed at 

 angles of 135° and 157°*5 (F and G, fig. 5), air was forced 

 violently through the tubeB (fig. 4), and escaped by its lower 

 orifice into the graduated tube. 



The above experiments do not represent the lateral-action effect 

 of a jet of steam sustained at an unvarying pressure, because (from 

 the fact of the boiler being small), the maximum pressure could 

 only be sustained for ten seconds when the steam was escaping 

 from a tube 4*5 millims. in diameter : these experiments are thus 

 capable of being strictly compared among themselves, but they 

 must be considered to show the effect of varying the impinging 

 angle rather than the absolute effect of steam of the pressure 

 employed. The following experiments were made in order to 

 determine the absolute lateral-action effect of a jet of steam sus- 

 tained at an unvarying pressure. 



A stopcock having an internal diameter of 4*5 millims. was 

 connected with a tube proceeding direct from a large steam- 

 boiler the pressure of steam in which varied from 1013 to 1520 



