﻿and 
  the 
  Constitution 
  of 
  the 
  Atom. 
  

  

  313 
  

  

  elliptic 
  state 
  respectively 
  to 
  the 
  same 
  final 
  state, 
  and 
  that 
  

   both 
  states 
  are 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  the 
  normal 
  atom. 
  

  

  Absorptien 
  will 
  set 
  in 
  when 
  the 
  quantum 
  of 
  energy 
  hv 
  is 
  

   great 
  enough 
  to 
  overcome 
  a 
  certain 
  amount 
  of 
  energy. 
  

   Wagner 
  has 
  adopted 
  the 
  idea 
  that 
  absorption 
  sets 
  in 
  when 
  

   hv 
  is 
  insfc 
  sufficiently- 
  great 
  to 
  bring 
  the 
  electron 
  from 
  its 
  

   place 
  in 
  the 
  atom 
  outside 
  the 
  sphere 
  of 
  influence 
  of 
  the 
  

   atom 
  ; 
  but 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  the 
  L-absorption 
  the 
  quanta 
  hv 
  A 
  

   and 
  hv 
  Ai 
  are 
  probably 
  too 
  small 
  to 
  bring 
  the 
  electron 
  outside 
  

   the 
  atom. 
  Thus 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  gold, 
  \ 
  Ai 
  = 
  1*042, 
  X 
  A<1 
  = 
  0*914 
  ; 
  

   but 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  lines 
  belonging 
  to 
  the 
  L-series 
  have 
  an 
  even 
  

   smaller 
  wave-length, 
  or 
  an 
  electron 
  recombining 
  to 
  the 
  

   L-circle 
  should 
  be 
  able 
  to 
  radiate 
  more 
  energy 
  than 
  hv 
  M 
  . 
  

  

  Neither 
  does 
  absorption 
  set 
  in 
  when 
  hv 
  is 
  just 
  sufficient 
  to 
  

   bring 
  an 
  electron 
  to 
  some 
  secondary 
  circle 
  ; 
  for 
  if 
  so, 
  the 
  

   absorption 
  edges 
  should 
  give 
  the 
  same 
  wave-length 
  as 
  some 
  

   of 
  the 
  emission 
  lines. 
  

  

  Valuable 
  information 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  relation 
  between 
  absorption 
  

   and 
  emission 
  lines 
  would 
  be 
  got 
  by 
  studying 
  the 
  relative 
  

   intensity 
  of 
  the 
  spectrum 
  for 
  velocities 
  of 
  the 
  cathode 
  rays 
  

   varying 
  from 
  just 
  below 
  to 
  just 
  above 
  the 
  critical 
  value. 
  

  

  With 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  origin 
  of 
  the 
  other 
  lines 
  of 
  the 
  

   L-spectrum, 
  we 
  might 
  naturally 
  assume 
  the 
  doublet 
  (7, 
  8) 
  

   to 
  be 
  produced 
  by 
  recombination 
  from 
  secondaries 
  corre- 
  

   sponding 
  to 
  t 
  = 
  4 
  to 
  the 
  two 
  primary 
  states. 
  

  

  Tf 
  in 
  equation 
  (15) 
  we 
  put 
  

  

  n 
  = 
  2, 
  T 
  ^V±, 
  p 
  = 
  3, 
  q 
  = 
  7, 
  

  

  we 
  get 
  * 
  3 
  N2 
  l 
  2 
  . 
  9596N 
  + 
  g 
  . 
  2 
  ( 
  2) 
  

  

  R 
  lb 
  v 
  TJ 
  

  

  Values 
  of 
  v/R 
  calculated 
  from 
  this 
  formula 
  and 
  corrected 
  

   for 
  variation 
  of 
  mass 
  are 
  given 
  in 
  Table 
  V., 
  which 
  also 
  

   contains 
  the 
  corresponding 
  values 
  for 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  lines 
  

   of 
  the 
  L-series. 
  

  

  Table 
  V. 
  

  

  N. 
  

  

  Calc. 
  7. 
  

  

  0. 
  

  

  X- 
  

  

  60 
  

  

  512 
  448 
  

  

  486 
  

  

  513 
  

  

  65 
  

  

  616 
  542 
  

  

  595 
  

  

  620 
  

  

  70 
  

  

  732 
  644 
  

  

  720 
  

  

  745 
  

  

  81 
  

  

  1021 
  906 
  

  

  1054 
  

  

  1085 
  

  

  90 
  

  

  1297 
  1143 
  

  

  1392 
  

  

  1435 
  

  

  