﻿Vibration 
  Curves 
  of 
  Violin 
  G 
  String 
  and 
  Belli/. 
  237 
  

  

  magnification 
  o£ 
  the 
  belly's 
  motion 
  is 
  (587-r2'54 
  or) 
  say 
  

   231 
  times 
  that 
  o£ 
  the 
  string's 
  motion. 
  

  

  The 
  General 
  View 
  of 
  E.vperimental 
  Arrangements 
  is 
  shown 
  

   in 
  fig. 
  5, 
  which 
  gives 
  at 
  a 
  glance 
  the 
  scale 
  and 
  disposition 
  

   of 
  the 
  various 
  parts, 
  optical 
  and 
  acoustical. 
  

  

  Results. 
  — 
  The 
  chief 
  results 
  obtained 
  are 
  shown 
  in 
  the 
  

   curves 
  1-40 
  on 
  Plates 
  V. 
  & 
  YI. 
  These 
  are 
  partially 
  explained 
  

   by 
  the 
  marginal 
  letterpress 
  ; 
  other 
  necessary 
  details 
  may 
  be 
  

   noted 
  here. 
  

  

  Plate 
  Y. 
  — 
  The 
  whole 
  o£ 
  the 
  curves 
  1-20 
  on 
  this 
  first 
  plate 
  

   deal 
  with 
  the 
  g 
  string 
  at 
  concert-pitch 
  (about 
  203*4 
  per 
  

   second). 
  This 
  is 
  the 
  fourth 
  or 
  so-called 
  silver 
  string, 
  and 
  

   always 
  elicited 
  a 
  sufficient 
  motion 
  of 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  the 
  belly 
  

   under 
  examination. 
  

  

  Curves 
  1-3 
  show 
  the 
  vibrations 
  of 
  the 
  string 
  and 
  belly 
  

   when 
  the 
  string 
  was 
  bowed 
  at 
  one-sixth, 
  one-seventh, 
  and 
  

   one-eleventh 
  respectively 
  of 
  its 
  length 
  from 
  the 
  bridge. 
  

   The 
  strins 
  had 
  a 
  vibratino- 
  leno-th 
  of 
  32*5 
  cms. 
  from 
  bridge 
  

   to 
  nut 
  and 
  was 
  usually 
  illuminated 
  at 
  a 
  point 
  14 
  cms. 
  from 
  

   the 
  bridge, 
  i. 
  e. 
  at 
  0*43 
  of 
  its 
  length. 
  The 
  speed 
  at 
  which 
  the 
  

   plates 
  were 
  shot 
  can 
  be 
  inferred 
  from 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  periods 
  

   or 
  complete 
  vibrations 
  occurring 
  in 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  plate 
  

   (4^ 
  inches). 
  Thus, 
  three 
  vibrations 
  occupying 
  3-f-203*4 
  of 
  a 
  

   second 
  were 
  photographed 
  on 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  ^^ 
  inches, 
  which 
  

   gives 
  about 
  24 
  feet 
  per 
  second 
  for 
  the 
  speed 
  of 
  the 
  plate, 
  

   which 
  was 
  the 
  normal 
  usage 
  in 
  all 
  the 
  curves 
  except 
  Nos. 
  4 
  

   and 
  5. 
  

  

  Curves 
  4 
  and 
  5. 
  — 
  It 
  was 
  noticed 
  that 
  in 
  plucking 
  the 
  

   a 
  strino- 
  at 
  % 
  of 
  its 
  leno-th 
  from 
  the 
  brido-e 
  for 
  at 
  other 
  

   places 
  like 
  \ 
  or 
  J- 
  &c.) 
  the 
  vibrations 
  of 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  the 
  

   belly 
  under 
  examination 
  speedily 
  rose 
  to 
  a 
  maximum, 
  died 
  

   away 
  again, 
  attained 
  a 
  second 
  maximum, 
  and 
  so 
  on, 
  for 
  about 
  

   five 
  successive 
  maxima, 
  occurring 
  at 
  intervals 
  of 
  about 
  one 
  

   second 
  or 
  rather 
  less. 
  

  

  By 
  placing 
  one 
  ear 
  close 
  to 
  either 
  of 
  the 
  /holes 
  the 
  same 
  

   effect 
  of 
  successive 
  maxima 
  or 
  " 
  beats 
  " 
  could 
  be 
  heard. 
  

   When 
  the 
  observer's 
  ears 
  were 
  about 
  a 
  yard 
  away 
  from 
  the 
  

   violin 
  this 
  effect 
  of 
  beats 
  was 
  practically 
  gone, 
  thus 
  showing 
  

   that 
  the 
  maxima 
  previously 
  observed 
  were 
  merely 
  maxima 
  of 
  

   the 
  vibrations 
  occurring 
  at 
  that 
  spot, 
  and 
  that 
  when 
  the 
  

   vibrations 
  there 
  diminished, 
  those 
  of 
  some 
  other 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  

   belly 
  increased 
  ; 
  so 
  that 
  at 
  a 
  moderate 
  distance 
  the 
  total 
  

   effect 
  from 
  the 
  various 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  belly 
  was 
  devoid 
  of 
  these 
  

   successive 
  waxings 
  and 
  wanings. 
  To 
  record 
  these 
  fluctua- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  amplitude 
  on 
  a 
  single 
  plate 
  necessitated 
  its 
  exposure 
  

   for 
  several 
  seconds, 
  and 
  thus 
  the 
  motion 
  would 
  be 
  far 
  too 
  

  

  