﻿Vibration Carves for String* and Air of Violin, 889 



fig. 1 by plucking is still less and in fig. 5 by striking is 

 scarcely perceptible. 



We now pass to the D-string for which figs. 6 and 7 record 

 the air's motion when the string was bowed. It is here 

 noticeable that the string does not appear to move. This is 

 because the bowing must be about horizontal on the D-string 

 to clear the G- and A-strings on each side of it. The motion 

 of the D-string elicited by bowing is accordingly nearly 

 horizontal and so escapes detection on the plate. The air's 

 motion in both figures shows that the string was really 

 vibrating. Figs. 8 and 9, again, show the motion of the 

 string, because it is now plucked and therefore vibrates 

 vertically. But in spite of the large amplitude of the 

 string's motion, that of the air is small. Figs. 10 and 11 

 dealing with the D-string plucked by plectrum yield a 

 similar comparative amplitude of the spot. Figs. 12 and 

 13 for the D-string struck give still smaller comparative 

 amplitudes of the air's motion. 



Figs. 14 for the A-string bowed at \ exhibits an air 

 motion with considerable similarity to figs. 1 and 6 for the 

 G- and D-strings bowed at ]. Fig. 15, for the A-string 

 plucked, is given as a specimen of the many disappointments 

 encountered in the work. For it shows no appreciable 

 amplitude in the air's motion, although the string was going 

 so well. It was the frequent recurrence of this kind of 

 result which urged us to adopt the special method of 

 shooting for plucked strings as given on the other folding- 

 plate. Figs. 16-22 dealing with the E- string show a 

 marked resemblance throughout, but a dissimilarity from 

 the other strings. This may be due to the close proximity 

 of this string to the sound-hole under examination. It is 

 noteworthy that large comparative amplitudes of the spot 

 are obtained throughout, but very strange that the various 

 excitations give almost identical curves. The tones elicited 

 were good throughout. 



Belly Mounting. — The second series of figures, 23-33 

 deals with the motions recorded when the mirror was 

 mounted direct on the belly as shown in figs. 2 and 1, 

 PI. XIII. The motions for the G-string are represented by- 

 figs. 23-28, which show very little vibration of the air for 

 plucking (figs. 27-28), but by bowing show a very fair 

 motion (figs. 23-26). These should be compared with 

 fig. 1, showing the result obtained with the clamp mounting. 



For the D-string only one record, fig. 29, seemed worth 

 presenting, the others giving inappreciable amplitudes of the 



