Question of Valency in Gaseous Ionization. 767 



§ 4. Ionizing effect of j3 and 7 rays of Radium. 



Although there was no evidence from other quarters that 

 ionizing agents other than X rays ever produce doubles in 

 air, we have made observations similar to the above on tho 

 ionizing action of the /3 and 7 rays of radium. No attempt 

 was made to separate the effects of the /3 and y rays, but we 

 estimate from rough measurements that about three-fourths 

 of the ions formed in these experiments were due to the 

 £ rays. 



A sample of the results obtained with the use of very 

 small drops is shown in Table IV. Every one of the 20 



Table IV. 



Plate D 



Istance 1*6 cm. 



Distance of Fall -0741 cm. 



Volts 



1368. 



Temperature 25° C 



. Kadius of Drop -00003y2 cm. 







No. of 



No. of 





No. of 



No. of 



9- 



F. 



charges 



charges on 



9- 



F. | charges 



charges on 



34-4 





on drop. 



ion caught. 







1 011 drop. 



ion caught. 

 1 P 



40* 







1 P 



40* 









6-0 



1 P 





o-i 



1 P 



306 









4P4 









30-6 



40* 

 6-0 







1 N 



1 N 





40* 



5-8 





 1 P 



1 P 



33-0 









417 









40 



40* 







1 P 





40* 







1 N 



410 



6-0 



1 P 









1 N 



440 



















40* 







1 P 





40* 







1 P 



37-0 



5S 



1 p 





5-8 



1 P 



44-0 



40* 







1 P 





40* 







1 P 





00 



1 p 





6 



1 p 



456 



















40* 







1 P 





40* 







1 P 



450 



55 



1 p 



46-0 



4 



1 p 





40* 







1 P 





40* 







1 P 





5-9 



1 p 





00 



1 p 



39-0 



















40* 







J N 





40* 







1 P 





59 



L N 





5-9 



1 p 





40* 

 0-2 



40* 

 5-8 







1 N 







1 N 



1 N 

 1 N 



40-0 



40* 

 6-0 







1 N 



1 N 





20 catches, all sin 



gles. 





40* 

 6-1 







1 P 



1 P 







■ 



■ 



