﻿2QQ 
  Prof. 
  More 
  and 
  Mr. 
  Mauchly: 
  Action 
  of 
  a 
  Magnetic 
  

  

  confirmed 
  by 
  Gouy 
  *. 
  While 
  these 
  results 
  point 
  very 
  strongly 
  

   against 
  Righi's 
  theory, 
  they 
  are 
  not 
  conclusive. 
  His 
  theory 
  

   of 
  neutral 
  doublets 
  does 
  not 
  exclude 
  the 
  possibility 
  that 
  the 
  

   magnetic 
  rays 
  may 
  contain 
  a 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  free 
  electrons. 
  

  

  But 
  if, 
  in 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  negative 
  charge 
  and 
  spiral 
  path 
  

   of 
  the 
  magnetic 
  rays, 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  these 
  rays 
  is 
  considered, 
  

   the 
  evidence 
  is 
  entirely 
  in 
  favour 
  of 
  the 
  theory 
  that 
  the 
  

   function 
  of 
  the 
  magnetic 
  field 
  is 
  to 
  twist 
  free 
  electrons 
  in 
  a 
  

   spiral 
  path 
  and 
  drive 
  them 
  from 
  the 
  cathode. 
  If 
  they 
  were 
  

   neutral 
  doublets, 
  the 
  only 
  driving 
  force 
  would 
  be 
  the 
  

   magnetic 
  field, 
  and 
  they 
  must 
  follow 
  the 
  magnetic 
  lines 
  of 
  

   force. 
  Instead 
  of 
  following 
  the 
  lines 
  of 
  force 
  which 
  diverge 
  

   from 
  the 
  pole 
  of 
  the 
  magnet, 
  the 
  magnetic 
  rays 
  converge 
  to 
  

   a 
  cone 
  whose 
  apex 
  lies 
  on 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  tube. 
  On 
  the 
  other 
  

   hand, 
  if 
  the 
  rays 
  are 
  negatively 
  charged 
  particles, 
  they 
  are 
  

   driven 
  by 
  two 
  forces, 
  the 
  magnetic 
  and 
  electric 
  fields. 
  

  

  Sir 
  J. 
  J. 
  Thomson 
  f 
  has 
  discussed 
  this 
  question, 
  and 
  finds 
  

   that 
  the 
  electrons 
  are 
  driven 
  along 
  the 
  lines 
  of 
  magnetic 
  

   force 
  in 
  helical 
  paths 
  of 
  gradually 
  increasing 
  pitch. 
  But 
  

   they 
  also 
  have 
  a 
  drift 
  in 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  lines 
  of 
  electric 
  

   force. 
  In 
  the 
  present 
  arrangement, 
  this 
  drift 
  out 
  of 
  the 
  

   magnetic 
  field 
  and 
  into 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  electric 
  field, 
  

   which 
  is 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  tube 
  and 
  most 
  intense 
  at 
  

   its 
  axis, 
  would 
  be 
  greatly 
  accentuated 
  because 
  the 
  intensity 
  

   of 
  the 
  magnetic 
  field 
  decreases 
  far 
  more 
  rapidly 
  than 
  

   the 
  electric 
  field. 
  This 
  combined 
  action 
  would 
  cause 
  the 
  

   electrons 
  to 
  move 
  nearly 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  tube. 
  

   The 
  speed 
  of 
  the 
  electrons 
  is 
  greatest 
  along 
  and 
  near 
  the 
  

   axis 
  of 
  the 
  tube 
  ; 
  consequently, 
  the 
  nearer 
  the 
  path 
  of 
  an 
  

   electron 
  is 
  to 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  tube, 
  the 
  farther 
  it 
  will 
  move 
  

   away 
  from 
  the 
  cathode 
  before 
  losing 
  the 
  ability 
  to 
  ionize 
  the 
  

   gas 
  and 
  make 
  it 
  luminous. 
  This 
  would 
  account 
  for 
  the 
  actual 
  

   appearance 
  of 
  the 
  conical 
  magnetic 
  rays. 
  

  

  Former 
  experiments 
  in 
  this 
  laboratory 
  J 
  showed 
  that 
  the 
  

   cone 
  of 
  magnetic 
  rays 
  was 
  but 
  little 
  affected 
  by 
  the 
  kind 
  of 
  

   gas 
  in 
  the 
  tube, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  secondary 
  phenomena 
  were 
  

   greatly 
  changed. 
  This 
  is 
  to 
  be 
  expected 
  if 
  the 
  magnetic 
  

   rays 
  are 
  composed 
  of 
  negative 
  electrons, 
  but 
  not 
  if 
  they 
  are 
  

   a 
  stream 
  of 
  neutral 
  doublets, 
  one 
  of 
  whose 
  constituents 
  is 
  a 
  

   positive 
  ion 
  which 
  varies 
  with 
  the 
  gas. 
  

  

  * 
  Gouy, 
  Le 
  Radium, 
  vol. 
  viii. 
  p. 
  129 
  (1911); 
  C. 
  It. 
  vol. 
  clii. 
  p. 
  353 
  

   (1911). 
  

  

  t 
  'Conduction 
  of 
  Electricity 
  through 
  Gases,' 
  2nd 
  edition, 
  pp, 
  106 
  & 
  

   600. 
  

  

  X 
  More 
  and 
  Bieman, 
  I. 
  c. 
  

  

  